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Recombination Dynamics in Thin-film Photovoltaic Materials via Time-resolved Microwave Conductivity

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Recombination in quantum dot sensitized solar cells.

Iván Mora-Seró¹, Sixto Giménez, Francisco Fabregat-Santiago

¹Grup de Dispositius Fotovoltaics i Optoelectrònics, Departament de Física, Universitat Jaume I, 12071 Castelló, Spain. sero@fca.uji.es

Accounts of Chemical Research

|September 3, 2009

Summary

Quantum dot sensitized solar cells (QDSCs) show promise, but practical performance lags. ZnS passivation and optimized deposition methods like chemical bath deposition significantly improve QDSC efficiency and stability by reducing recombination.

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Area of Science:

Materials Science
Photovoltaics
Nanotechnology

Background:

Quantum dot sensitized solar cells (QDSCs) are a promising third-generation photovoltaic technology with high theoretical efficiency.
Current QDSC performance is limited compared to dye-sensitized solar cells, necessitating research into improving efficiency and stability.
Cadmium selenide (CdSe) quantum dots (QDs) on mesoporous titanium dioxide (TiO2) are a key focus for QDSC development.

Purpose of the Study:

To summarize strategies for depositing CdSe QDs on TiO2 electrodes for QDSCs.
To discuss methods for enhancing QDSC performance and stability.
To investigate recombination mechanisms in QDSCs using a physical model.

Main Methods:

Three QD adsorption methods on TiO2: in situ chemical bath deposition (CBD), direct adsorption (DA), and linker-assisted adsorption (LA).
Surface passivation of the photoanode with a ZnS coating.
Impedance spectroscopy and open-circuit potential (Voc) decay measurements to analyze charge transfer, electron lifetime, and recombination.

Main Results:

ZnS passivation dramatically increases photocurrent and efficiency in QDSCs using polysulfide electrolytes.
CBD method and ZnS coating reduce charge-transfer resistance and increase electron lifetimes.
A physical model reveals recombination mechanisms through TiO2 surface states, highlighting an internal recombination pathway in closely packed QD layers.

Conclusions:

Optimizing QD deposition and surface passivation (e.g., with ZnS) are crucial for improving QDSC performance.
Understanding and mitigating recombination mechanisms are essential for further advancements in QDSC technology.
While CBD and ZnS treatment enhance electron lifetime and reduce recombination, further strategies are needed to overcome internal recombination losses.