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Related Concept Videos

Immune Response Against Viral Pathogens01:29

Immune Response Against Viral Pathogens

The immune system's response to viral infections is a complex and coordinated process involving natural killer (NK) cells, T cell-mediated responses, and antibody-mediated responses.
NK Cells
NK cells are a crucial part of our innate immune system, acting as the first line of defense against viral infections. These cells can recognize and kill infected cells without prior exposure to the virus, effectively slowing down the spread of infection. Additionally, NK cells produce proinflammatory...
Defense Against Bacterial Pathogens01:31

Defense Against Bacterial Pathogens

The human immune system is a complex network of cells, tissues, and organs that work together to defend the body against bacterial infections. It consists of various immune cells, each playing a specific role in the defense mechanism.
Phagocytes
Phagocytes are the frontline soldiers of the immune system. They include neutrophils and macrophages. Neutrophils are the most abundant type of white blood cell and are quickly mobilized to the site of infection. Macrophages are larger cells that patrol...
Antigen Presenting Cells01:22

Antigen Presenting Cells

The immune system is a complex network of cells and molecules that protects the body from foreign invaders. T cells, a type of white blood cell, play a crucial role in this process. They recognize and attack foreign substances, such as pathogens, that enter the body.
T cells require the help of antigen-presenting cells (APCs), which process foreign antigens into smaller fragments that can be recognized by T cells. These APCs are highly specialized cells that efficiently internalize antigens...
Cell-mediated Immune Responses01:40

Cell-mediated Immune Responses

Overview
Antigens Involved in Adaptive Immunity01:26

Antigens Involved in Adaptive Immunity

An antigen is any substance the immune system identifies as foreign and potentially harmful to the body, prompting an immune response. Antigens have two functional properties: immunogenicity and reactivity. Immunogenicity is the ability of an antigen to stimulate a specific immune response. At the same time, reactivity describes the antigen's ability to react with the cells and antibodies produced in response to it.
Complete Antigens
Complete antigens possess both immunogenicity and reactivity.
B Cell Activation and Differentiation01:24

B Cell Activation and Differentiation

The adaptive immune response, a sophisticated defense mechanism, relies on the activation and differentiation of B lymphocytes, or B cells. These processes enable our bodies to mount a tailored response against specific pathogens such as bacteria, free virus particles, toxins, and parasites.
When naive B cells encounter a specific antigen that can bind to the B cell receptor (BCR) on their surface, they undergo sensitization to respond to the antigen's presence. Sensitization begins with...

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An Efficient and High Yield Method for Isolation of Mouse Dendritic Cell Subsets
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Published on: April 18, 2016

Pathogen recognition by DC-SIGN shapes adaptive immunity.

Teunis B H Geijtenbeek1, Jeroen den Dunnen, Sonja I Gringhuis

  • 1Department of Molecular Cell Biology & Immunology, VU University Medical Center, 1007 MC Amsterdam, The Netherlands. t.b.geijtenbeek@amc.uva.nl

Future Microbiology
|September 3, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Dendritic cells (DCs) use DC-specific intercellular adhesion molecule-3-grabbing nonintegrin (DC-SIGN) to recognize diverse pathogens. DC-SIGN modulates Toll-like receptor signaling, influencing adaptive immunity against bacteria, fungi, and viruses.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Cell Biology
  • Microbiology

Background:

  • Dendritic cells (DCs) are crucial for tailoring adaptive immune responses.
  • Pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) on DCs detect specific pathogens.
  • DC-specific intercellular adhesion molecule-3-grabbing nonintegrin (DC-SIGN) is a PRR with broad specificity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To discuss the signaling pathways induced by DC-SIGN.
  • To highlight DC-SIGN's role in adaptive immunity regulation.
  • To explore DC-SIGN's interaction with Toll-like receptor signaling.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent scientific literature on DC-SIGN function.
  • Analysis of DC-SIGN's pathogen recognition mechanisms (mannose and fucose binding).
  • Examination of DC-SIGN's impact on Toll-like receptor and nuclear factor-kappaB signaling.

Main Results:

  • DC-SIGN recognizes a wide range of pathogens, including bacteria, fungi, helminths, and viruses.
  • DC-SIGN engagement modulates Toll-like receptor signaling pathways.
  • This modulation affects nuclear factor-kappaB activation and subsequent immune responses.

Conclusions:

  • DC-SIGN plays a central role in initiating and shaping adaptive immunity.
  • Understanding DC-SIGN signaling is key to developing strategies against various infectious agents.
  • DC-SIGN's broad specificity makes it a critical component in host defense against diverse pathogens.