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Imaging of mtHyPer7, a Ratiometric Biosensor for Mitochondrial Peroxide, in Living Yeast Cells
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Multiple mechanisms for hydrogen peroxide-induced apoptosis.

Claudia Cerella1, Simona Coppola, Vittoria Maresca

  • 1Department of Biology, Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy.

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
|September 3, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Oxidative stress from hydrogen peroxide triggers apoptosis in two distinct waves during cellular recovery. These waves are linked to DNA damage and mitochondrial changes, clarifying cell death mechanisms.

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Area of Science:

  • Cellular biology
  • Oxidative stress research
  • Apoptosis mechanisms

Background:

  • Mechanisms of cell death induced by oxidative stress, particularly hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), remain incompletely understood.
  • Oxidative stress is implicated in various physiological and pathological processes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the temporal dynamics and underlying mechanisms of apoptosis following hydrogen peroxide treatment.
  • To investigate the differential modulation of apoptotic waves by metabolic inhibitors.

Main Methods:

  • Exposure of cells to hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) followed by a recovery period.
  • Analysis of apoptosis occurrence at different time points post-treatment (8h and 18h).
  • Assessment of the impact of metabolic process inhibitors on apoptotic waves.

Main Results:

  • Apoptosis was observed in two distinct waves during recovery from H2O2 treatment, with peaks at 8 hours (early) and 18 hours (late).
  • The early apoptotic wave appears dependent on DNA break formation.
  • The late apoptotic wave shows correlation with H2O2-induced mitochondrial alterations.

Conclusions:

  • Cellular recovery from oxidative stress involves a biphasic apoptotic response.
  • The early apoptotic wave is primarily driven by DNA damage, while the late wave is associated with mitochondrial dysfunction.
  • These findings provide new insights into the complex mechanisms of oxidative stress-induced cell death.