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Related Concept Videos

Atherosclerosis III: Management01:26

Atherosclerosis III: Management

Management of atherosclerosis involves an integrated strategy encompassing pharmacological treatment, surgical interventions, lifestyle changes, and nutrition therapy to address the multifactorial nature of the disease.Pharmacological TherapyA cornerstone of atherosclerosis management is the use of pharmacological agents. Statins, such as atorvastatin, are pivotal in inhibiting HMG-CoA reductase, an enzyme that catalyzes an initial step in cholesterol synthesis in the liver. This reduction in...
Atherosclerosis I: Introduction01:30

Atherosclerosis I: Introduction

Atherosclerosis is a progressive disorder characterized by the buildup of plaques on the arterial inner wall, causing them to narrow and harden over time. These plaques comprise lipids, calcium, blood components, carbohydrates, and fibrous tissue. The process primarily affects the intima of large and medium-sized arteries, reducing blood flow in any artery.Etiology and risk factorsThe cause of atherosclerosis is multifactorial, involving a complex interplay among endothelial injury, lipid...
Hormones and Bone Tissue01:17

Hormones and Bone Tissue

The endocrine system produces and secretes hormones, which interact with the skeletal system. These hormones control bone growth, maintain bone once it is formed, and remodel it.
Hormones That Influence Osteoblasts and/or Maintain the Matrix
Several hormones are necessary for controlling bone growth and maintaining the bone matrix. The pituitary gland secretes growth hormone (GH), which, as its name implies, controls bone growth. This happens in several ways: first, it triggers chondrocyte...
Bone Disorders01:29

Bone Disorders

Aging and its effect on bone remodeling is the most common cause of bone disorders. In young and healthy people, bone deposition and resorption happen at an equal rate to maintain optimal bone health.
Bone deposition is also affected by the levels of sex hormones like estrogen and testosterone that promote osteoblast activity and bone matrix synthesis. When the level of these hormones decreases due to aging, it causes a reduction in bone deposition. As a result, bone resorption by osteoclasts...
Peripheral Artery Disease I: Introduction01:30

Peripheral Artery Disease I: Introduction

Peripheral artery disease (PAD) predominantly results from atherosclerosis, which involves the accumulation of fatty deposits, or plaques, within the walls of arteries. This causes them to narrow and harden, significantly reducing blood flow. PAD predominantly affects the legs, particularly the arteries supplying the thighs and calves. In rare cases, it may involve other arteries, including those in the arms.Etiology of PAD:The principal cause of PAD is atherosclerosis, which results from fatty...
Bone Remodeling01:40

Bone Remodeling

Bone remodeling is a continuous and balanced process of bone resorption by osteoclasts and bone formation by osteoblasts. In adults, it helps maintain bone mass and calcium homeostasis. While mechanical stress can stimulate turnover as part of the normal maintenance and reparative process, several hormones also regulate bone remodeling.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 20, 2026

Calcification of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells and Imaging of Aortic Calcification and Inflammation
08:43

Calcification of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells and Imaging of Aortic Calcification and Inflammation

Published on: May 31, 2016

Bisphosphonates and atherosclerosis.

C E Fiore1, P Pennisi, I Pulvirenti

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy. carmelo.fiore@tin.it

Journal of Endocrinological Investigation
|September 3, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Bisphosphonates may treat osteoporosis and atherosclerosis by impacting cholesterol, inflammation, and oxidative stress. However, human data are inconclusive due to their bone-binding properties limiting effects in other tissues.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 20, 2026

Calcification of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells and Imaging of Aortic Calcification and Inflammation
08:43

Calcification of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells and Imaging of Aortic Calcification and Inflammation

Published on: May 31, 2016

Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Science
  • Pharmacology
  • Bone and Vascular Health

Background:

  • Osteoporosis and cardiovascular disease share clinical relevance and biological links, specifically bone and vascular calcification.
  • Bisphosphonates (BP) are established osteoporosis treatments that also show potential for reducing atherosclerosis.
  • BP's anti-atherogenic effects may stem from interfering with cholesterol synthesis, inflammation, and oxidative stress.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the dual-purpose therapeutic potential of bisphosphonates (BP) for enhancing bone density and reducing atherosclerosis.
  • To investigate the biological mechanisms underlying BP's potential anti-atherogenic activity.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing animal and human studies on bisphosphonates' effects on bone resorption and atherosclerotic processes.
  • Analysis of the pharmacological properties of bisphosphonates, including their affinity for bone tissue.

Main Results:

  • Animal studies consistently demonstrate a clear anti-atherogenic activity of bisphosphonates.
  • Human data regarding the efficacy of bisphosphonates in reducing atherosclerosis are inconsistent and inconclusive.
  • The high affinity of bisphosphonates for bone limits their accumulation in other tissues, potentially hindering their pharmacological effect on atherosclerosis.

Conclusions:

  • Bisphosphonates show promise as dual-action therapies for osteoporosis and atherosclerosis.
  • Further research is needed to overcome the pharmacokinetic limitations of bisphosphonates for effective treatment of cardiovascular disease.
  • Optimizing bisphosphonate delivery or developing novel analogs may be necessary to achieve therapeutic concentrations in vascular tissues.