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Can anchor models explain inverted-U effects in facial judgments?

Alain Mignault¹, Arijit Bhaumik, Avi Chaudhuri

¹Department of Psychology, McGill University, 1205 Dr. Penfield Avenue, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3A 1B1. alain@ego.psych.mcgill.ca

Perceptual and Motor Skills

|September 4, 2009

Summary

Participants showed no difference in recognizing facial gender regardless of its position on a scale. This finding challenges the anchor model

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Area of Science:

Cognitive Psychology
Psychophysics

Background:

Inverted-U effects are observed across disciplines, where judgments near scale ends are faster and less diverse than central ones.
Connectionist, exemplar, and anchor models explain these effects, with anchor models proposing dedicated representations for scale endpoints.
Anchor models predict superior learning of anchors due to their assumed role in comparative judgments.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate whether stimuli at scale ends (anchors) are better learned than other stimuli.
To test the predictions of anchor models in the context of facial gender perception and recognition.

Main Methods:

Forty university students performed a facial gender judgment task followed by a recognition task.
Stimuli were presented at various positions along a gender perception scale.

Main Results:

No correlation was found between the position of a facial stimulus on the gender scale and recognition accuracy.
This indicates that stimuli at the ends of the scale were not better recognized than those in the middle.

Conclusions:

The results do not support the anchor model's assumption that anchor stimuli are inherently better learned or represented.
Alternative hypotheses are needed to explain inverted-U effects in judgment tasks when anchor learning is not superior.