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Related Concept Videos

Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Relaxation Processes01:23

Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Relaxation Processes

In the absence of an external magnetic field, nuclear spin states are degenerate and randomly oriented. When a magnetic field is applied, the spins begin to precess and orient themselves along (lower energy) or against (higher energy) the direction of the field. At equilibrium, a slight excess population of spins exists in the lower energy state. Because the direction of the magnetic field is fixed as the z-axis,  the precessing magnetic moments are randomly oriented around the z-axis. This...
Diamagnetic Shielding of Nuclei: Local Diamagnetic Current01:14

Diamagnetic Shielding of Nuclei: Local Diamagnetic Current

An applied magnetic field causes the electrons present in the molecule to circulate, setting up a local diamagnetic current within the molecule. The local diamagnetic current arising from circulating sigma-bonding electrons induces a magnetic field, Blocal that opposes the applied magnetic field, B0. The effective magnetic field experienced by these nuclei is given by the difference between the applied and local magnetic fields in a phenomenon called local diamagnetic shielding. Essentially,...
Atomic Nuclei: Magnetic Resonance01:05

Atomic Nuclei: Magnetic Resonance

The number of nuclear spins aligned in the lower energy state is slightly greater than those in the higher energy state. In the presence of an external magnetic field, as the spins precess at the Larmor frequency, the excess population results in a net magnetization oriented along the z axis. When a pulse or a short burst of radio waves at the Larmor frequency is applied along the x axis, the coupling of frequencies causes resonance and flips the nuclear spins of the excess population from the...
NMR Spectroscopy: Spin–Spin Coupling01:08

NMR Spectroscopy: Spin–Spin Coupling

The spin state of an NMR-active nucleus can have a slight effect on its immediate electronic environment. This effect propagates through the intervening bonds and affects the electronic environments of NMR-active nuclei up to three bonds away; occasionally, even farther. This phenomenon is called spin–spin coupling or J-coupling. Coupling interactions are mutual and result in small changes in the absorption frequencies of both nuclei involved. While nuclei of the same element are involved in...
Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Spin State Overview01:03

Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Spin State Overview

NMR-active nuclei have energy levels called 'spin states' that are associated with the orientations of their nuclear magnetic moments. In the absence of a magnetic field, the nuclear magnetic moments are randomly oriented, and the spin states are degenerate. When an external magnetic field is applied, the spin states have only 2 + 1 orientations available to them. A proton with = ½ has two available orientations. Similarly, for a quadrupolar nucleus with a nuclear spin value of one, the...
Double Resonance Techniques: Overview01:12

Double Resonance Techniques: Overview

Double resonance techniques in Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy involve the simultaneous application of two different frequencies or radiofrequency pulses to manipulate and observe two distinct nuclear spins. One important application of double resonance is spin decoupling, which selectively suppresses coupling with one type of nucleus while observing the NMR signal from another nucleus, simplifying the spectrum and enhancing resolution.
Spin decoupling is usually achieved by...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 20, 2026

All-electronic Nanosecond-resolved Scanning Tunneling Microscopy: Facilitating the Investigation of Single Dopant Charge Dynamics
11:33

All-electronic Nanosecond-resolved Scanning Tunneling Microscopy: Facilitating the Investigation of Single Dopant Charge Dynamics

Published on: January 19, 2018

Nanomagnetic control of intersystem crossing.

Adam E Cohen1

  • 1Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, 12 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA. cohen@chemistry.harvard.edu

The Journal of Physical Chemistry. A
|September 4, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Magnetic nanostructures can catalyze intersystem crossing in molecular radical pairs by creating magnetic field gradients. This process, occurring in under 1 nanosecond, offers a novel heterogeneous catalysis method without direct molecular contact.

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Last Updated: Jun 20, 2026

All-electronic Nanosecond-resolved Scanning Tunneling Microscopy: Facilitating the Investigation of Single Dopant Charge Dynamics
11:33

All-electronic Nanosecond-resolved Scanning Tunneling Microscopy: Facilitating the Investigation of Single Dopant Charge Dynamics

Published on: January 19, 2018

Optimizing Magnetic Force Microscopy Resolution and Sensitivity to Visualize Nanoscale Magnetic Domains
07:42

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Published on: July 20, 2022

Scanning SQUID Study of Vortex Manipulation by Local Contact
06:53

Scanning SQUID Study of Vortex Manipulation by Local Contact

Published on: February 1, 2017

Area of Science:

  • Physical Chemistry
  • Materials Science
  • Chemical Physics

Background:

  • Intersystem crossing (ISC) is crucial for many photochemical and photophysical processes.
  • Controlling ISC is key to understanding and manipulating molecular spin dynamics.
  • Current methods for ISC control often rely on molecular design or external fields.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present a theoretical framework for nanomagnetic control of intersystem crossing.
  • To explore the potential of magnetic nanostructures as catalysts for ISC.
  • To investigate the timescale and mechanism of magnetically induced spin reorientation.

Main Methods:

  • Theoretical modeling of magnetic field gradients near nanostructures.
  • Simulation of spin dynamics in molecular radical pairs subjected to these gradients.
  • Analysis of the competition between magnetic field gradients and nuclear hyperfine coupling.

Main Results:

  • Physically realistic magnetic nanostructures generate field gradients sufficient to induce spin reorientation.
  • The timescale for magnetically driven spin reorientation is less than 1 nanosecond.
  • Magnetic field gradients can become the dominant factor in driving intersystem crossing, surpassing nuclear hyperfine coupling.

Conclusions:

  • Nanomagnetic control of intersystem crossing is theoretically feasible.
  • This approach offers a novel form of heterogeneous catalysis for spin manipulation.
  • Catalysis occurs via short-range magnetic coupling, not requiring direct molecular contact.