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Related Concept Videos

Gastric Motility01:16

Gastric Motility

Gastric motility is the coordinated contraction and relaxation of stomach muscles that convert ingested food into chyme, a semi-liquid substance ready for further digestion in the intestines. The process begins with the vagus nerve inducing the relaxation of the smooth muscles in the fundus and body of the stomach, allowing these regions to expand and accommodate up to approximately 1.5 liters of food and liquid.
Peristaltic Waves and Chyme Formation
Upon food entry, the stomach initiates...
Enteric Nervous System: Regulation of GI Motor Activity01:11

Enteric Nervous System: Regulation of GI Motor Activity

The Enteric Nervous System (ENS) plays a pivotal role in regulating gastrointestinal or GI motor activity. This complex network of nerves, deeply embedded within the gut wall, responds to changes in the gut environment and receives input from both the autonomic nervous system and the central nervous system. By doing so, the ENS operates various programs tailored to the body's nutritional status and needs.
During periods of fasting, the ENS initiates the migrating myoelectric complex, a program...
Neural Regulation01:37

Neural Regulation

Digestion begins with a cephalic phase that prepares the digestive system to receive food. When our brain processes visual or olfactory information about food, it triggers impulses in the cranial nerves innervating the salivary glands and stomach to prepare for food.
Gastric Phase of Digestion01:26

Gastric Phase of Digestion

The gastric phase of digestion begins as soon as food enters the stomach. The incoming food bolus triggers neural and hormonal mechanisms, which last approximately 3 to 4 hours. During this phase, the stomach undergoes significant changes to prepare the food for further digestion and absorption.
When food enters the stomach, it stretches the stomach walls and activates stretch receptors. This triggers local reflexes of the enteric nervous system, mediated through the myenteric plexus. These...
Regulation of the Digestive System01:25

Regulation of the Digestive System

Digestive activity regulation hinges on three primary components. Activation is prompted by a multitude of mechanical and chemical indicators, primarily detected by receptors within the stomach and intestines' walls. These receptors predominantly respond to factors such as mechanical stretching of the organ walls, changes in pH and osmolarity, and the presence of digesting materials and their by-products.
The effectors in this regulation system are glands and smooth muscles. Activation of these...
Cephalic Phase of Digestion01:24

Cephalic Phase of Digestion

The process of digestion is composed of three stages – cephalic, gastric, and intestinal – each with a distinct control center. The cephalic phase is the first stage, and it starts even before the food enters the stomach. It is controlled by the central nervous system and is initiated by any food-related sensory stimuli, such as the sight and smell of food, which send signals to the brain. While eating, the taste receptors intensify these signals, which travel to the cerebral cortex and then to...

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Fabrication and Implantation of Miniature Dual-element Strain Gages for Measuring In Vivo Gastrointestinal Contractions in Rodents.
09:29

Fabrication and Implantation of Miniature Dual-element Strain Gages for Measuring In Vivo Gastrointestinal Contractions in Rodents.

Published on: September 18, 2014

Gastric motor and sensory function.

Jan Tack1

  • 1University Hospital Gasthuisberg, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium. jan.tack@med.kuleuven.ac.be

Current Opinion in Gastroenterology
|September 4, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Abnormalities in gastric sensory and motor function contribute to upper gastrointestinal issues like functional dyspepsia. Recent research highlights the central nervous system

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Neurogastroenterology
  • Physiology

Background:

  • Gastric sensory and motor dysfunction are central to functional dyspepsia and gastroparesis.
  • Understanding these functions in health and disease is crucial for symptom management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advancements in understanding gastric sensory and motor function.
  • To explore the pathogenesis of upper gastrointestinal symptoms in functional dyspepsia and gastroparesis.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent scientific literature on gastric sensorimotor function.
  • Analysis of studies on clinical work-up, central processing, and treatment modalities.

Main Results:

  • Gastric emptying rate assessment shows poor correlation with symptoms in functional dyspepsia and gastroparesis.
  • Central nervous system processing and psychosocial factors are implicated in visceral hypersensitivity.
  • Impaired gastric motor function in critically ill patients is a significant prognostic factor.

Conclusions:

  • Advances in understanding gastric sensorimotor function offer potential for new treatments.
  • Key areas include the CNS role in hypersensitivity, gastric issues in critical illness, and novel pharmacotherapies.