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Manipulation of Color Patterns in Jumping Spiders for Use in Behavioral Experiments
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Assessment during aggressive contests between male jumping spiders.

Damian O Elias1, Michael M Kasumovic, David Punzalan

  • 1Integrative Behaviour and Neuroscience Group, University of Toronto Scarborough, Toronto, ON, M1C 1A4, Canada.

Animal Behaviour
|September 4, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Jumping spiders use self-assessment in contests, with heavier males winning more. Experience also influences contest strategies, shifting towards mutual assessment in later stages.

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Area of Science:

  • Animal Behavior
  • Evolutionary Biology
  • Game Theory

Background:

  • Contest outcomes are influenced by assessment strategies, including self and mutual assessment.
  • Understanding these strategies is crucial for game theoretical models of animal contests.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate assessment strategies in jumping spiders (Phiddipus clarus) using statistical methods.
  • To determine whether spiders use self-assessment, mutual assessment, or a combination.

Main Methods:

  • Statistical analysis of contest data from Phiddipus clarus.
  • Examination of pre-contact (signaling) and contact (physical) phases of aggressive interactions.
  • Correlation of contest outcomes and duration with male weight and vibratory signaling.

Main Results:

  • Male weight and vibratory signaling predicted contest winners; heavier and more active signalers won more.
  • Vibratory behavior influenced pre-contact duration, while relative weight predicted contact duration, suggesting self-assessment.
  • Contestants modified behavior after initial bouts, with experience influencing strategy towards partial mutual assessment.

Conclusions:

  • Phiddipus clarus males primarily use self-assessment, with a secondary role for mutual assessment.
  • Assessment strategies can be dynamic, changing with experience and potentially existing on a continuum.
  • Experience plays a role in shaping contest rules and assessment strategies in spiders.