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Current studies on myofascial pain syndrome
1Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, College of Medicine, National Cheng-Kung University, 138 Sheng-Li Road, Tainan, 704, Taiwan. kuan@mail.ncku.edu.tw
Current Pain and Headache Reports
|September 5, 2009
Summary
Myofascial trigger points (MTrPs) involve sensitized nerves and dysfunctional muscle endplates, leading to pain. New diagnostic tools and treatments like laser therapy are improving management of this pain condition.
Area of Science:
- Pain Medicine
- Neurology
- Musculoskeletal Research
Background:
- Myofascial trigger points (MTrPs) are hyperirritable loci within muscles causing pain.
- These points have sensory components (sensitized nociceptors) and motor components (dysfunctional endplates).
- Increased concentrations of pain and inflammation substances are found in MTrP regions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To clarify the nature and mechanisms of myofascial trigger points (MTrPs).
- To explore potential diagnostic tools for MTrPs.
- To review current treatment modalities for myofascial pain.
Main Methods:
- Review of recent studies on MTrP pathophysiology.
- Discussion of proposed diagnostic techniques including biochemical analysis, sonography, and magnetic resonance elastography.
- Overview of therapeutic interventions such as laser therapy, shockwave therapy, and botulinum toxin injection.
Main Results:
- MTrPs are characterized by sensitized nociceptors and dysfunctional endplates causing taut bands.
- A positive feedback cycle involving acetylcholine (ACh) release, sarcomere shortening, and sensitizing substances is hypothesized.
- Biochemical measurements, sonography, and MRE are emerging as potential diagnostic tools.
Conclusions:
- Understanding the MTrP circuit involving spinal sensory neurons is crucial.
- Advanced imaging and biochemical analysis offer promising diagnostic avenues.
- Various therapeutic options exist for managing myofascial pain effectively.
