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Updated: Jun 20, 2026

A Novel In vitro Model for Studying the Interactions Between Human Whole Blood and Endothelium
Published on: November 21, 2014
Etanercept clearance during an in vitro model of continuous venovenous hemofiltration
Geoffrey M Fleming1, Noha N Salama, Saada K Eid
1Department of Pediatrics, Division of Critical Care, Monroe Carell Jr. Children's Hospital at Vanderbilt, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tenn. 37232-3467, USA. geoffrey.fleming@vanderbilt.edu
Background/Aims:
Etanercept is a tumor necrosis factor-alpha antagonist used in inflammation-mediated conditions. Continuous venovenous hemofiltration (CVVH) has also been used in patients with inflammatory conditions. This study evaluated etanercept clearance using an in vitro CVVH model.
Methods:
Etanercept clearance was assessed in vitro in bovine blood at 1-3 mg/l final serum concentration, and urea control at 750 mg/l. CVVH was performed using polyacrylonitrile, polysulfone, and polymethylmethacrylate filters at 3 l/h ultrafiltrate and 200 ml/min blood flow rates. Transmembrane clearance was estimated using sieving coefficient calculations, and adsorptive removal rate was approximated using a mass balance calculation.
Results:
Urea sieving coefficient remained constant (1.04 +/- 0.01). Ultrafiltrate etanercept concentrations were undetectable (sieving coefficient < 0.02) and transmembrane and adsorptive clearances were negligible.
Conclusion:
Etanercept is not cleared appreciably by transmembrane or adsorptive mechanisms in CVVH using polyacrylonitrile, polysulfone, or polymethylmethacrylate hemofilters.
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