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Osteoclasts in Bone Remodeling

Osteoclasts in Bone Remodeling

Osteoclasts are cells responsible for bone resorption and remodeling. They originate from hematopoietic progenitor cells present in the bone marrow. Numerous progenitor cells fuse to form multinucleated cells, each with 10-20 nuclei. A single osteoclast has a diameter of 150 to 200 µM. These cells have ruffled borders that break down the underlying bone tissue and release minerals such as calcium into the blood in bone resorption. Osteoclasts cling to bones with their ruffled edges during bone...

Bone Remodeling

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Bone remodeling is a continuous and balanced process of bone resorption by osteoclasts and bone formation by osteoblasts. In adults, it helps maintain bone mass and calcium homeostasis. While mechanical stress can stimulate turnover as part of the normal maintenance and reparative process, several hormones also regulate bone remodeling.

Bone Disorders

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Aging and its effect on bone remodeling is the most common cause of bone disorders. In young and healthy people, bone deposition and resorption happen at an equal rate to maintain optimal bone health.
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Spongy Bone

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Bone as Supporting Connective Tissue

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Bone tissue forms the internal skeleton of vertebrate animals, providing structure to the body.
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The Bone Matrix

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Bone contains a relatively small number of cells entrenched in a matrix of collagen fibers that provide an adherent surface for inorganic salt crystals. Both components of the matrix, organic and inorganic, contribute to the unusual properties of bone. Without collagen, bones would be brittle and shatter easily. Without mineral crystals, bones would flex and provide little support. This can be observed by an experiment: when the minerals of a bone are dissolved by soaking the bone in acid or...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 20, 2026

Quantitative [18F]-Naf-PET-MRI Analysis for the Evaluation of Dynamic Bone Turnover in a Patient with Facetogenic Low Back Pain

Quantitative [¹⁸F]-Naf-PET-MRI Analysis for the Evaluation of Dynamic Bone Turnover in a Patient with Facetogenic Low Back Pain

Published on: August 8, 2019

Bone formation versus bone resorption in ankylosing spondylitis.

¹Department of Internal Medicine 3, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany. georg.schett@uk-erlangen.de

Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology

|September 8, 2009

Summary

Ankylosing spondylitis involves chronic inflammation and progressive ankylosis, leading to joint pain and stiffness. This condition merges inflammatory and bone disease processes, impacting spinal mobility.

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Last Updated: Jun 20, 2026

Quantitative [18F]-Naf-PET-MRI Analysis for the Evaluation of Dynamic Bone Turnover in a Patient with Facetogenic Low Back Pain

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Differentiation of Functional Osteoclasts from Human Peripheral Blood CD14+ Monocytes

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Area of Science:

Rheumatology
Immunology
Orthopedics

Background:

Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) and seronegative spondylarthritis (SpA) are characterized by chronic joint inflammation and progressive ankylosis.
These processes contribute to the clinical presentation of joint pain, stiffness, and swelling.

Purpose of the Study:

To elucidate the dual pathological processes in AS and SpA.
To highlight the interplay between inflammation and ankylosis in disease progression.

Main Methods:

Review of pathological mechanisms in AS and SpA.
Analysis of clinical manifestations related to inflammation and ankylosis.

Main Results:

AS and SpA involve a combination of chronic inflammation and progressive ankylosis.
The interplay between these two processes dictates disease severity and clinical outcomes.
Chronic spinal inflammation in AS leads to stiffness, reduced mobility, and kyphosis.

Conclusions:

Ankylosing spondylitis represents a complex condition synthesizing inflammatory and bone disease.
Understanding the dual pathology is crucial for managing AS and related spondylarthropathies.