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Related Concept Videos

Peripheral Artery Disease I: Introduction01:30

Peripheral Artery Disease I: Introduction

Peripheral artery disease (PAD) predominantly results from atherosclerosis, which involves the accumulation of fatty deposits, or plaques, within the walls of arteries. This causes them to narrow and harden, significantly reducing blood flow. PAD predominantly affects the legs, particularly the arteries supplying the thighs and calves. In rare cases, it may involve other arteries, including those in the arms.Etiology of PAD:The principal cause of PAD is atherosclerosis, which results from fatty...
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Peripheral Arterial Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Evaluation

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Peripheral Artery Disease IV: Nursing Management01:26

Peripheral Artery Disease IV: Nursing Management

The nursing management of a patient with peripheral artery disease (PAD) begins with a thorough assessment of the patient’s health history and clinical manifestations.AssessmentHealth History: Evaluate the patient’s history of hypertension, hyperlipidemia, family history of cardiovascular issues, and lifestyle factors such as dietary patterns, smoking, and physical activity.Physical Examination:Assess the affected extremity for decreased or absent peripheral pulses, temperature changes,...
Nephrotic Syndrome I : Introduction01:24

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Nephrotic Syndrome is a chronic kidney disorder defined by clinical findings such as severe proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, hyperlipidemia, and edema. These symptoms result from damage to the glomeruli, the kidney’s filtering units, increasing their permeability to proteins.Definition and Meaning:Proteinuria, defined as the loss of more than 3.5 grams of protein per day in adults, is a crucial feature of nephrotic syndrome. This condition is often accompanied by edema, the accumulation of fluid...

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A Liposome Membrane Permeability Assay for Investigating the Effects of Phosphatidylinositol Phosphate Groups on Membranotropic Action of Venom PLA2
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Published on: September 26, 2025

Antiphospholipid syndrome.

Diane George1, Doruk Erkan

  • 1Department of Rheumatology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA. dtg24@pantheon.yale.edu

Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases
|September 8, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is an autoimmune disorder causing blood clots and pregnancy issues, linked to antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL). This review focuses on APS cardiac manifestations, including valve issues and myocardial infarction.

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Rheumatology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is an autoimmune disorder characterized by vascular thrombosis and/or pregnancy morbidity.
  • Diagnosis requires persistently positive antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL), including lupus anticoagulant, anticardiolipin antibodies, or anti-beta(2)-glycoprotein I antibodies.
  • Current classification criteria may not encompass all clinical manifestations of aPL.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the definition, etiopathogenesis, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and treatment of aPL-related clinical events.
  • To emphasize the cardiac manifestations associated with antiphospholipid antibodies.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of antiphospholipid syndrome and its clinical manifestations.
  • Focus on studies detailing cardiac involvement in APS.
  • Synthesis of information on diagnosis and treatment strategies.

Main Results:

  • Key cardiac manifestations of APS include valve abnormalities (vegetations, thickening), myocardial infarction (MI), intracardiac thrombi, and myocardial microthrombosis.
  • aPL can lead to a wide spectrum of clinical issues beyond established criteria.
  • Understanding these manifestations is crucial for comprehensive patient care.

Conclusions:

  • Antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) are associated with significant cardiac complications in Antiphospholipid Syndrome (APS).
  • Early recognition and management of cardiac manifestations are vital for improving outcomes in APS patients.
  • Further research may expand diagnostic criteria to include all aPL-related events.