Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Experiment Videos

Is the match/mismatch model based on a statistical artefact?

A Arntz1, M A van den Hout, R Lousberg

  • 1Department of Medical Psychology, Limburg University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.

Behaviour Research and Therapy
|January 1, 1990
PubMed
Summary

This study tested if random chance could explain expectation adjustments after negative experiences. While a random model showed similar effects, real psychological processes influencing predictions were confirmed.

Related Concept Videos

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Skills training followed by either EMDR or narrative therapy for posttraumatic stress disorder in adult survivors of childhood abuse: a randomized controlled trial.

European journal of psychotraumatology·2024
Same author

Open-care telemedicine in ophthalmology during the COVID-19 pandemic: a pilot study.

Archivos de la Sociedad Espanola de Oftalmologia·2020
Same author

Introducing the DizzyQuest: an app-based diary for vestibular disorders.

Journal of neurology·2020
Same author

Improvement of Conflict Handling: Hand-Holding During and After Conflict Discussions Affects Heart Rate, Mood, and Observed Communication Behavior in Romantic Partners.

Journal of sex & marital therapy·2020
Same author

Schematherapy in DID: treatment length and related studies on dissociative amnesia.

European journal of psychotraumatology·2020
Same author

[Cognitive therapy and interpersonal psychotherapy for major depressive disorder: how do they work, how long, and for whom?]

Tijdschrift voor psychiatrie·2020

Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Cognitive Science
  • Behavioral Science

Background:

  • The match/mismatch model proposes that incorrect predictions of aversive experiences lead to immediate adjustments in subsequent expectations.
  • This model is often interpreted as a psychological process in expectation formation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate if a null hypothesis (H0) model, assuming random prediction generation, could explain the effects observed in the match/mismatch model.
  • To rigorously test empirical data to determine if prediction-experience discrepancies significantly influence future predictions beyond chance.

Main Methods:

  • A null hypothesis (H0) model was employed, assuming predictions are randomly generated.
  • Empirical data was analyzed using the H0 model in a stringent test to compare its explanatory power against observed effects.

Related Experiment Videos

Main Results:

  • The H0 model produced effects highly similar to those empirically observed in expectation adjustment.
  • Despite the H0 model's strong performance, significant evidence supported the influence of prediction-experience discrepancy on subsequent predictions.

Conclusions:

  • The findings suggest that the match/mismatch model reflects genuine psychological processes rather than solely chance occurrences.
  • The study validates the role of discrepancy between prediction and experience in shaping expectations.