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Updated: Jun 20, 2026

A Murine Model of Stent Implantation in the Carotid Artery for the Study of Restenosis
Published on: May 14, 2013
Treatment of patients with in-stent restenosis
Fernando Alfonso1, María J Pérez-Vizcayno, Angel Cruz
1Interventional Cardiology, Cardiovascular Institute, San Carlos University Hospital, Madrid, Spain.
Abstract:
Treatment of patients with in-stent restenosis (ISR) remains a technical challenge. This problem has been reduced since the advent of drug-eluting stents (DES), but continues to represent a significant burden during daily practice in interventional cardiology. Treatment of ISR after bare-metal stent implantation has evolved and currently DES constitute the intervention of choice. However, DES may also develop ISR. The best therapeutic alternative for patients suffering from ISR after DES implantation remains to be elucidated. This review will focus on treatment of patients with ISR emphasising currently available alternatives, technical issues, limitations and future perspectives.
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