[Clinical evaluation of psychiatric disorders among first-visit patients to a primary care unit]

It is important for a primary care physician to know the most common psychiatric diagnoses, criteria for these diagnoses, and proper treatment. During a 4-month period from December 1987 to March 1988, the authors conducted this prospective study in a rural group practice center and investigated 189 first-visit patients aged from 16 to 60 years. Among them, 55 cases (29.1%) were diagnosed as having psychiatric disorders which included: psychological factors affecting physical condition, 29 cases; generalized anxiety disorder, 12 cases; adjustment disorder, 10 cases; and others, 4 cases. There were no significant differences in marital status, social class, or family structure between patients with and without psychiatric disorders. However, the patients with psychiatric disorders tended to have a longer duration of illness, to exhibit more salient features of introversion and neuroticism in their personalities, to show poorer family function and to experience more stressful life events. Although all the psychiatric patients presented somatic symptoms as their primary complaints, we also found that they reported significantly higher scores for psychiatric symptoms on a self-rating scale. This study demonstrates that in order to promote comprehensive primary health care, psychiatry and behavioral science are essential training curricula for family physicians.