Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Electromagnetic Wave Equation01:24

Electromagnetic Wave Equation

Maxwell's equations for electromagnetic fields are related to source charges, either static or moving. These fields act on a test charge, whose trajectory can thus be determined using suitable boundary conditions. The objective of electromagnetism is thus theoretically complete.
However, although electric and magnetic fields were first introduced as mathematical constructs to simplify the description of mutual forces between charges, a natural question emerges from Maxwell's equations: What...
Symmetry in Maxwell's Equations01:28

Symmetry in Maxwell's Equations

Once the fields have been calculated using Maxwell's four equations, the Lorentz force equation gives the force that the fields exert on a charged particle moving with a certain velocity. The Lorentz force equation combines the force of the electric field and of the magnetic field on the moving charge. Maxwell's equations and the Lorentz force law together encompass all the laws of electricity and magnetism. The symmetry that Maxwell introduced into his mathematical framework may not be...
Differential Form of Maxwell's Equations01:17

Differential Form of Maxwell's Equations

James Clerk Maxwell (1831–1879) was one of the significant contributors to physics in the nineteenth century. He is probably best known for having combined existing knowledge of the laws of electricity and the laws of magnetism with his insights to form a complete overarching electromagnetic theory, represented by Maxwell's equations. The four basic laws of electricity and magnetism were discovered experimentally through the work of physicists such as Oersted, Coulomb, Gauss, and Faraday.
Symmetric Member in Bending01:07

Symmetric Member in Bending

In the study of the mechanics of materials, analyzing the behavior of prismatic members under opposing couples is crucial for understanding internal stress distributions, which are essential for structural design. When subjected to couples, a prismatic member experiences internal forces that maintain equilibrium. A couple, characterized by two equal and opposite forces, creates a moment but no resultant force. The internal forces at any section cut of the member must balance these external...
Modes of Standing Waves: II01:04

Modes of Standing Waves: II

The starting point for expressing the modes of standing waves is understanding the boundary conditions that the waves must follow. The boundary conditions are derived from the physical understanding of how the standing waves are sustained, that is, how the vibrating particles of the medium behave at the boundaries imposed on them.
For a tube open at one end and closed at the other filled with air, the modes are such that there is always an antinode at the open end and a node at the closed end.
Equations of Wave Motion01:02

Equations of Wave Motion

Mathematically, the motion of a wave can be studied using a wavefunction. Consider a string oscillating up and down in simple harmonic motion, having a period T. The wave on the string is sinusoidal and is translated in the positive x-direction as time progresses. Sine is a function of the angle θ, oscillating between +A and −A and repeating every 2π radians. To construct a wave model, the ratio of the angle θ and the position x is considered.

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Editorial: Increasing robustness, transparency and openness of scientific assessments.

EFSA journal. European Food Safety Authority·2025
Same author

Early impact of domestication on aggressiveness, activity, and stress behaviors in zebrafish (Danio rerio) using mirror test and automated videotracking.

Scientific reports·2024
Same author

MRI evaluation of ATFL and CFL ligamentization after anatomical surgical reconstruction with a hamstring graft.

Foot and ankle surgery : official journal of the European Society of Foot and Ankle Surgeons·2024
Same author

Co-pyrolysis of chicken feathers and macadamia nut shells, a promising strategy to create nitrogen-enriched electrode materials for supercapacitor applications.

Bioresource technology·2024
Same author

The ALR-RSI score can be used to evaluate psychological readiness to return to sport after acute Achilles tendon tear.

Knee surgery, sports traumatology, arthroscopy : official journal of the ESSKA·2023
Same author

Reply to the letter from Mingjin Zhong and Yuyin Cai.

Orthopaedics & traumatology, surgery & research : OTSR·2023

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 20, 2026

Characterization of Anisotropic Leaky Mode Modulators for Holovideo
09:36

Characterization of Anisotropic Leaky Mode Modulators for Holovideo

Published on: March 19, 2016

Coupled-mode equations for multimode waveguide systems in isotropic or anisotropic media.

A Hardy, W Streifer, M Osiński

    Optics Letters
    |September 10, 2009
    PubMed
    Summary

    This study extends coupled-mode theory to analyze parallel multimode waveguides, considering anisotropic materials and embedding media for broader applications in optical systems.

    More Related Videos

    Fabrication And Characterization Of Photonic Crystal Slow Light Waveguides And Cavities
    11:08

    Fabrication And Characterization Of Photonic Crystal Slow Light Waveguides And Cavities

    Published on: November 30, 2012

    Related Experiment Videos

    Last Updated: Jun 20, 2026

    Characterization of Anisotropic Leaky Mode Modulators for Holovideo
    09:36

    Characterization of Anisotropic Leaky Mode Modulators for Holovideo

    Published on: March 19, 2016

    Fabrication And Characterization Of Photonic Crystal Slow Light Waveguides And Cavities
    11:08

    Fabrication And Characterization Of Photonic Crystal Slow Light Waveguides And Cavities

    Published on: November 30, 2012

    Area of Science:

    • Optics and Photonics
    • Electromagnetism
    • Materials Science

    Background:

    • Coupled-mode theory is fundamental for analyzing light propagation in optical waveguides.
    • Existing theories often simplify to single-mode or isotropic waveguide systems.
    • Complex waveguide structures, including multimode and anisotropic materials, require advanced theoretical frameworks.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To extend coupled-mode theory to accommodate parallel multimode waveguides.
    • To incorporate the effects of anisotropic dielectric waveguides and embedding media.
    • To provide a more comprehensive theoretical tool for analyzing complex waveguide systems.

    Main Methods:

    • The study extends the basic set of coupled differential equations.
    • Matrices are broadly defined to account for coupling among all modes within the waveguides.
    • The theory is adapted to include cases with anisotropic dielectric waveguides and/or anisotropic embedding media.

    Main Results:

    • The developed theory successfully models coupling effects in parallel multimode waveguides.
    • The framework accounts for interactions between all supported modes.
    • The inclusion of anisotropic properties provides a more realistic model for diverse optical materials.

    Conclusions:

    • The extended coupled-mode theory offers a robust method for analyzing complex parallel waveguide systems.
    • This work facilitates the design and understanding of advanced optical devices incorporating multimode and anisotropic waveguides.