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Related Concept Videos

Raman Spectroscopy Instrumentation: Overview01:26

Raman Spectroscopy Instrumentation: Overview

A conventional Raman spectrophotometer includes a laser source, a sample holding system, a wavelength selector, and a detector.
The monochromatic laser source, typically using visible or near-infrared radiation, generates a highly focused beam of light. This light interacts with the molecules of the sample, scattering some of the light. Liquid and gaseous samples are usually tested in ordinary glass capillaries, while solids can be analyzed as powders packed in capillaries or as potassium...
Raman Spectroscopy: Overview01:20

Raman Spectroscopy: Overview

The underlying principle of Raman spectroscopy is based on the interaction between light and matter, specifically molecules' inelastic scattering of photons. When a monochromatic beam of light, typically from a laser source, interacts with a sample, most scattered light has the same frequency as the incident light. This is known as Rayleigh scattering.
However, a small fraction of the scattered light exhibits a frequency shift due to the exchange of energy between the incident photons and the...
¹H NMR of Labile Protons: Deuterium (²H) Substitution00:48

¹H NMR of Labile Protons: Deuterium (²H) Substitution

This lesson illustrates the role of deuterium substitution in simplifying the NMR spectrum of compounds comprising labile protons. One method employed is the use of deuterium. Amongst the three isotopes of hydrogen, deuterium (2H) has a nucleus composed of one proton and one neutron. When the D2O solvent is added to a pure dry ethanol solution, its labile proton is substituted with deuterium.
¹³C NMR: Distortionless Enhancement by Polarization Transfer (DEPT)01:20

¹³C NMR: Distortionless Enhancement by Polarization Transfer (DEPT)

When proton-coupled carbon-13 spectra are simplified by a broadband proton decoupling technique, structural information about the coupled protons is lost. Distortionless enhancement by polarization transfer (DEPT) is a technique that provides information on the number of hydrogens attached to each carbon in a molecule. While the DEPT experiment utilizes complex pulse sequences, the pulse delay and flip angle are specifically manipulated. The resulting signals have different phases depending on...
Double Resonance Techniques: Overview01:12

Double Resonance Techniques: Overview

Double resonance techniques in Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy involve the simultaneous application of two different frequencies or radiofrequency pulses to manipulate and observe two distinct nuclear spins. One important application of double resonance is spin decoupling, which selectively suppresses coupling with one type of nucleus while observing the NMR signal from another nucleus, simplifying the spectrum and enhancing resolution.
Spin decoupling is usually achieved by...
¹³C NMR: ¹H–¹³C Decoupling01:04

¹³C NMR: ¹H–¹³C Decoupling

The probability of having two carbon-13 atoms next to each other is negligible because of the low natural abundance of carbon-13. Consequently, peak splitting due to carbon-carbon spin-spin coupling is not observed in spectra. However, protons up to three sigma bonds away split the carbon signal according to the n+1 rule, resulting in complicated spectra.
A broadband decoupling technique is used to simplify these complex, sometimes overlapping, signals. Broadband decoupling relies on a...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 20, 2026

Ultrafast Time-resolved Near-IR Stimulated Raman Measurements of Functional π-conjugate Systems
09:57

Ultrafast Time-resolved Near-IR Stimulated Raman Measurements of Functional π-conjugate Systems

Published on: February 10, 2020

Parametric Raman gain suppression in D(2) and H(2).

M D Duncan, R Mahon, J Reintjes

    Optics Letters
    |September 10, 2009
    PubMed
    Summary

    We experimentally found no exponential gain at the Stokes wavelength for stimulated Raman scattering when phase-matched. Amplification was significantly lower at the phase-matching angle compared to non-phase-matching angles.

    Area of Science:

    • Nonlinear Optics
    • Laser Physics
    • Spectroscopy

    Background:

    • Stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) is a nonlinear optical process involving inelastic scattering of photons.
    • Phase matching is crucial for efficient nonlinear optical interactions, including SRS.
    • Understanding gain mechanisms in SRS is vital for applications in lasers and spectroscopy.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To experimentally investigate the gain at the Stokes wavelength under Stokes/anti-Stokes phase-matched conditions in SRS.
    • To compare the amplification efficiency at phase-matched versus non-phase-matched angles.
    • To provide direct experimental evidence regarding gain behavior in phase-matched SRS.

    Main Methods:

    • Generating stimulated Raman scattering using a pump laser.

    More Related Videos

    Differential Imaging of Biological Structures with Doubly-resonant Coherent Anti-stokes Raman Scattering (CARS)
    12:56

    Differential Imaging of Biological Structures with Doubly-resonant Coherent Anti-stokes Raman Scattering (CARS)

    Published on: October 17, 2010

    Direct Comparison of Hyperspectral Stimulated Raman Scattering and Coherent Anti-Stokes Raman Scattering Microscopy for Chemical Imaging
    09:46

    Direct Comparison of Hyperspectral Stimulated Raman Scattering and Coherent Anti-Stokes Raman Scattering Microscopy for Chemical Imaging

    Published on: April 28, 2022

    Related Experiment Videos

    Last Updated: Jun 20, 2026

    Ultrafast Time-resolved Near-IR Stimulated Raman Measurements of Functional π-conjugate Systems
    09:57

    Ultrafast Time-resolved Near-IR Stimulated Raman Measurements of Functional π-conjugate Systems

    Published on: February 10, 2020

    Differential Imaging of Biological Structures with Doubly-resonant Coherent Anti-stokes Raman Scattering (CARS)
    12:56

    Differential Imaging of Biological Structures with Doubly-resonant Coherent Anti-stokes Raman Scattering (CARS)

    Published on: October 17, 2010

    Direct Comparison of Hyperspectral Stimulated Raman Scattering and Coherent Anti-Stokes Raman Scattering Microscopy for Chemical Imaging
    09:46

    Direct Comparison of Hyperspectral Stimulated Raman Scattering and Coherent Anti-Stokes Raman Scattering Microscopy for Chemical Imaging

    Published on: April 28, 2022

  • Measuring the amplification of a Stokes seed pulse.
  • Varying the propagation angle of the Stokes pulse relative to the pump beam.
  • Quantifying amplification at both phase-matched and non-phase-matched angles.

    • Main Results:

    • Direct experimental evidence shows the absence of exponential gain at the Stokes wavelength for Stokes/anti-Stokes phase-matched SRS.
    • Amplification of the Stokes seed pulse was measured at various propagation angles.
    • Observed nonexponential growth at the phase-matching angle.
    • Amplification at the phase-matching angle was over 10^7 times smaller than at non-phase-matching angles.

    Conclusions:

    • Exponential gain is absent at the Stokes wavelength under Stokes/anti-Stokes phase-matched SRS conditions.
    • Phase matching significantly suppresses, rather than enhances, Stokes wave amplification in this configuration.
    • These findings challenge conventional understanding of gain in phase-matched nonlinear optical processes.