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DNA Microarrays

DNA Microarrays

Microarrays are high-throughput and relatively inexpensive assays that can be automated to analyze large quantities of data at a time. They are used in genome-wide studies to compare gene or protein expression under two varied conditions, such as healthy and diseased states. Microarrays consist of glass or silica slides on which probe molecules are covalently attached through surface functionalization. Most commonly, the slides are prepared through the chemisorption of silanes to silica...

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Updated: Jun 20, 2026

Microinjection for Transgenesis and Genome Editing in Threespine Sticklebacks

Microinjection for Transgenesis and Genome Editing in Threespine Sticklebacks

Published on: May 13, 2016

A flexible whole-genome microarray for transcriptomics in three-spine stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus).

Erica H Leder¹, Juha Merilä, Craig R Primmer

¹Division of Genetics and Physiology, Department of Biology (Vesilinnantie 5), University of Turku, Turku FI-20014, Finland. eriled@utu.fi

|September 12, 2009

Summary

Researchers developed a flexible microarray platform with over 43,000 probes for three-spine stickleback. This tool enhances transcriptome studies in ecology, evolution, and ecotoxicology, enabling detailed gene expression analysis.

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Last Updated: Jun 20, 2026

Microinjection for Transgenesis and Genome Editing in Threespine Sticklebacks

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Published on: May 13, 2016

Global Gene Expression Analysis Using a Zebrafish Oligonucleotide Microarray Platform

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Dissection and Flat-mounting of the Threespine Stickleback Branchial Skeleton

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Published on: May 7, 2016

Area of Science:

Genomics
Molecular Biology
Ecology

Background:

Microarray technology is increasingly used for mRNA expression analysis in ecological and evolutionary studies.
Three-spine stickleback is a key model organism for ecology, evolution, and ecotoxicology research.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a functional and flexible microarray platform for transcriptome studies in three-spine stickleback.
To enhance research potential in ecological, evolutionary, and ecotoxicological applications.

Main Methods:

Designed 43,392 unique oligonucleotide probes representing 19,274 genes.
Tested hybridization performance using DNA and RNA from various populations on the Agilent array platform.
Analyzed gene expression signals in liver tissue and categorized expressed genes by Gene Ontology groups.

Main Results:

The majority of probes were functional, with 30,946 probes (14,615 genes) showing significant signals in liver tissue.
Expressed genes in liver tissue were predominantly associated with metabolic functions, binding, catabolism, and organelles.
Successful hybridization demonstrated probe efficacy for transcriptome analysis.

Conclusions:

The developed probe and microarray design facilitates transcriptomics research in three-spine stickleback.
Over 43,000 probes with demonstrated hybridization success and liver specificity are now available.
The platform allows for customizable probe sets and supports both one-color and two-color hybridizations.