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Related Concept Videos

Stresses under Combined Loadings01:23

Stresses under Combined Loadings

When analyzing a bent tube with a circular cross-section subjected to multiple forces, it is crucial to determine the stress distribution in order to maintain structural integrity under varied load conditions.
The process begins by slicing the tube at critical points and analyzing the internal forces and stress components at these sections, focusing on the centroid. Normal stresses, generated by axial forces and bending moments, are either compressive or tensile and vary across the section from...
Stress: General Loading Conditions01:15

Stress: General Loading Conditions

To grasp the intricacy of real-world conditions where multiple loads are applied simultaneously to a structure, one might visualize a section passing through a specific point within a body, aligned parallel to the xy plane. This section is subjected to various forces, including original loads, normal forces, and shearing forces.
The shearing force, possessing potential directionality within the plane of the section, is simplified into two component forces running parallel to the x and y axes.
Applications of Stress01:04

Applications of Stress

Consider a structure made of a boom and a rod designed to support a load. These two components are connected by a pin and stabilized by brackets and pins. The boom and the rod are detached from their supports to assess the different stresses imposed on this structure, and a free-body diagram is drawn. Then, all the forces applied, including the load acting on the structure, are identified. The reaction forces exerted on both the boom and the rod are computed using the equilibrium equations.
The...
Design Consideration01:22

Design Consideration

Designing a structure involves a series of considerations, primarily the material's ultimate strength, calculated through tests that measure changes under increased force until the material reaches its breaking point or limit. The ultimate load, where the material breaks, is divided by its original cross-sectional area, resulting in the ultimate normal stress or strength. The ultimate shearing stress is another significant factor taken into account.
The factor of safety is another key aspect...
Stress Concentrations01:13

Stress Concentrations

The concept of stress concentration is crucial for understanding how materials respond under bending stresses, particularly when there are irregularities or discontinuities in the material's geometry. Normally, stress in a symmetric member subjected to pure bending is assumed to be uniformly distributed across the entire cross-section. However, this assumption does not hold when there are variations in the cross-sectional geometry or the presence of notches and holes.
The stress concentration...
Stress Concentrations01:24

Stress Concentrations

Stress concentration is when stress intensifies near discontinuities such as holes or abrupt cross-sectional changes in a structural member. This localized stress can often surpass the average stress within the member. The stress distribution in flat bars, either with a circular hole or varying widths connected by fillets, can be determined experimentally using a photoelastic method. The results are based on ratios of geometric parameters like the ratio of the hole's radius to the smaller width...

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Measuring Biomethane Potential of Food Scrap Waste Anaerobically Co-Digested with Waste-Activated Sludge Using Respirometry
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Municipal solid waste effective stress analysis.

Nader Shariatmadari1, Sandro Lemos Machado, Ali Noorzad

  • 1Dept. of Civil Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Narmak, 16846-13114 Teharn, Iran. shariatmadari@iust.ac.ir

Waste Management (New York, N.Y.)
|September 12, 2009
PubMed
Summary

This study details the mechanical behavior of municipal solid waste (MSW) under undrained conditions. A modified effective stress equation improves shear strength predictions in triaxial tests, crucial for landfill stability.

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Published on: June 7, 2020

Area of Science:

  • Geo-environmental engineering
  • Geotechnical engineering
  • Waste management

Background:

  • Mechanical behavior of municipal solid waste (MSW) is critical for geo-environmental engineering.
  • Undrained mechanical response of MSW remains under-described, impacting landfill stability assessments.
  • High water content, seismic activity, and poor landfill operations necessitate understanding undrained behavior.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the mechanical response of MSW under undrained conditions.
  • To analyze waste particle compressibility and deformation anisotropy.
  • To refine effective stress equations for MSW.

Main Methods:

  • Conducted 26 large-scale triaxial tests under both drained and undrained conditions.
  • Analyzed waste particle compressibility and sample deformation anisotropy.
  • Modified Terzaghi's effective stress equation using Skempton's (1961) proposition.

Main Results:

  • The modified effective stress equation yielded more compatible shear strength values between Consolidated-Drained (CD) and Consolidated-Undrained (CU) tests.
  • High shear strength in CU tests, even with pore pressure near confining stress, is explained.
  • Waste particle compressibility significantly influences MSW mechanical behavior.

Conclusions:

  • A modified effective stress equation enhances the understanding of MSW shear strength under undrained conditions.
  • The findings are vital for assessing the stability of landfills, especially those with high water content or facing seismic loads.
  • Accurate mechanical characterization of MSW is essential for safe and effective waste management practices.