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HYPNOSIS TO MANAGE DISTRESS RELATED TO MEDICAL PROCEDURES: A META-ANALYSIS
Julie B Schnur1, Ilana Kafer, Carolyn Marcus
1Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, USA.
Summary
Hypnosis significantly reduces emotional distress during medical procedures, with a large effect size. Children experienced greater benefits from hypnosis than adults.
Area of Science:
- Psychology
- Medical Hypnosis
Background:
- Emotional distress is common during medical procedures.
- Effective interventions are needed to manage patient anxiety and pain.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the efficacy of hypnosis in alleviating emotional distress related to medical procedures.
- To synthesize findings from randomized controlled trials on hypnosis for medical distress.
Main Methods:
- A meta-analysis of 26 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) involving 2342 participants.
- Searched PsycINFO and PubMed databases from inception through February 2008.
- Data extraction included sample size, methodology, participant age, and outcomes.
Main Results:
- Hypnosis demonstrated a large overall effect size (ES = 0.88) in reducing distress.
- Significant differences in effect size were observed based on participant age, with children benefiting more than adults.
- The method of hypnosis delivery also influenced outcomes, but control conditions did not.
Conclusions:
- Hypnosis is an effective intervention for reducing emotional distress during medical procedures.
- Age is a significant factor, suggesting tailored hypnosis approaches for different age groups.
- Further research into optimal hypnosis delivery methods is warranted.
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