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Related Concept Videos

Colors and Magnetism03:02

Colors and Magnetism

Color in Coordination Complexes
When atoms or molecules absorb light at the proper frequency, their electrons are excited to higher-energy orbitals. For many main group atoms and molecules, the absorbed photons are in the ultraviolet range of the electromagnetic spectrum, which cannot be detected by the human eye. For coordination compounds, the energy difference between the d orbitals often allows photons in the visible range to be absorbed and emitted, which is seen as colors by the human eye.
Ferromagnetism01:31

Ferromagnetism

Materials like iron, nickel, and cobalt consist of magnetic domains, within which the magnetic dipoles are arranged parallel to each other. The magnetic dipoles are rigidly aligned in the same direction within a domain by quantum mechanical coupling among the atoms. This coupling is so strong that even thermal agitation at room temperature cannot break it. The result is that each domain has a net dipole moment. However, some materials have weaker coupling, and are ferromagnetic at lower...
Valence Bond Theory02:42

Valence Bond Theory

Coordination compounds and complexes exhibit different colors, geometries, and magnetic behavior, depending on the metal atom/ion and ligands from which they are composed. In an attempt to explain the bonding and structure of coordination complexes, Linus Pauling proposed the valence bond theory, or VBT, using the concepts of hybridization and the overlapping of the atomic orbitals. According to VBT, the central metal atom or ion (Lewis acid) hybridizes to provide empty orbitals of suitable...
Crystal Field Theory - Octahedral Complexes02:58

Crystal Field Theory - Octahedral Complexes

Crystal Field Theory
To explain the observed behavior of transition metal complexes (such as colors), a model involving electrostatic interactions between the electrons from the ligands and the electrons in the unhybridized d orbitals of the central metal atom has been developed. This electrostatic model is crystal field theory (CFT). It helps to understand, interpret, and predict the colors, magnetic behavior, and some structures of coordination compounds of transition metals.
CFT focuses on...
Diamagnetism01:26

Diamagnetism

Materials consisting of paired electrons have zero net magnetic moments. However, when these materials are placed under an external magnetic field, the moments opposite to the field are induced. Such materials are called diamagnets. Diamagnetism is the response of the diamagnets when placed in an external magnetic field.
Diamagnetism was discovered by Anton Brugmans in 1778 when he observed that bismuth gets repelled by magnetic fields, thus theorizing that diamagnets get repelled by magnets.
Complexation Equilibria: The Chelate Effect01:19

Complexation Equilibria: The Chelate Effect

In complexation reactions, metal atoms or cations interact with ligands to form donor-acceptor adducts called metal complexes. Ligands that bind through one donor site are monodentate, ligands with two donor sites are bidentate, and those with more than two donor sites are polydentate ligands. For example, ethylene diamine is a bidentate ligand that binds through two nitrogen donor atoms, forming a five-membered ring. EDTA is a polydentate ligand that binds through four oxygen and two nitrogen...

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Magnetometric Characterization of Intermediates in the Solid-State Electrochemistry of Redox-Active Metal-Organic Frameworks
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Chromium acetylide complex based ferrimagnet and weak ferromagnet.

Junichi Nishijo1, Ken Judai, Shigenori Numao

  • 1Department of Materials Molecular Science, Institute for Molecular Science, 38 Nishigo-Naka, Myodaiji, Okazaki 444-8585, Japan.

Inorganic Chemistry
|September 15, 2009
PubMed
Summary

New molecule-based magnets exhibit complex magnetic behaviors. Compound 1 shows a ferrimagnetic transition, while compound 2 displays weak ferromagnetism and a second magnetic phase transition due to water molecule bridging and symmetry breakdown.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Solid State Chemistry
  • Magnetism

Background:

  • Molecule-based magnets offer tunable magnetic properties through molecular design.
  • Understanding structure-property relationships is crucial for developing novel magnetic materials.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize and characterize new molecule-based magnets with potential for interesting magnetic phenomena.
  • To investigate the crystal structures and magnetic properties of [CrCyclam(C≡C-3-thiophene)(2)][Ni(mdt)(2)] (1) and [CrCyclam(C≡C-Ph)(2)][Ni(mdt)(2)](H2O) (2).
  • To elucidate the magnetic interactions and phase transitions in these novel compounds.

Main Methods:

  • Single-crystal X-ray diffraction for structural determination.
  • Magnetic susceptibility measurements to probe magnetic ordering and transitions.
  • Analysis of intrachain and interchain magnetic exchange interactions.

Main Results:

  • Both compounds feature ferrimagnetic chains of alternating [CrCyclam(C≡C-R)]+ cations and [Ni(mdt)2]- anions.
  • Compound 1 exhibits a ferrimagnetic transition at 2.3 K due to weak interchain antiferromagnetic interactions.
  • Compound 2 shows a weak-ferromagnetic transition at 3.7 K and a second magnetic phase transition at 2.9 K, influenced by water bridging and local symmetry breakdown, leading to increased coercive force and remanent magnetization with decreasing temperature.

Conclusions:

  • The crystal structure and the presence of bridging water molecules significantly influence the magnetic properties of molecule-based magnets.
  • Compound 2 demonstrates complex magnetic behavior, including weak ferromagnetism and a second magnetic phase transition, highlighting the role of symmetry and intermolecular interactions.
  • These findings contribute to the understanding of magnetic interactions in low-dimensional molecular systems.