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Depression as a risk factor for osteoporosis.

Giovanni Cizza¹, Svetlana Primma, Gyorgy Csako

¹Clinical Endocrine Section, Clinical Endocrinology Branch, NIDDK, NIH, DHHS, USA. cizzag@intra.niddk.nih.gov

Trends in Endocrinology and Metabolism: TEM

|September 15, 2009

Summary

Depression may cause osteoporosis and fractures through immune and endocrine changes. Poor lifestyle and certain antidepressants can also contribute to bone loss in depressed individuals.

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Area of Science:

Endocrinology
Immunology
Bone Metabolism

Background:

Osteoporosis is a significant public health concern.
An association between depression and low bone mineral density is reported, but causality is debated.

Purpose of the Study:

To review endocrine and immune alterations in depression that may impact bone mass.
To discuss the role of lifestyle and antidepressants in osteoporosis among depressed individuals.

Main Methods:

Literature review of endocrine and immune mechanisms.
Analysis of lifestyle factors and antidepressant effects on bone.

Main Results:

Depression may lead to bone loss via specific immune and endocrine pathways.
Lifestyle factors and certain antidepressants may exacerbate bone loss.

Conclusions:

Depression is proposed to induce bone loss and fractures primarily through immune and endocrine alterations.
Lifestyle and antidepressant use are potential contributing factors to osteoporosis in depression.