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Related Concept Videos

Imaging Studies VI: Voiding Cystourethrography and Cystography01:22

Imaging Studies VI: Voiding Cystourethrography and Cystography

Voiding Cystourethrography (VCUG) and Cystography are specialized radiographic procedures used to examine the structure and function of the bladder and urethra.Voiding Cystourethrography (VCUG)A Voiding Cystourethrogram (VCUG) is a diagnostic imaging procedure that assesses the anatomy and function of the lower urinary tract. It focuses on the bladder, bladder neck, and urethra, helping detect abnormalities such as vesicoureteral reflux (VUR)—the backward or reverse flow of urine into the...
The Micturition Reflex01:26

The Micturition Reflex

Urination, or micturition involves the coordination of the bladder's detrusor muscle and two sphincters to ensure controlled bladder emptying.
The process begins with bladder filling, where the bladder wall stretches as urine accumulates. This stretching activates the urine storage reflex, mediated by the sacral spinal segments and the pontine storage center. Efferent sympathetic impulses stimulate the detrusor muscle to relax and the internal urethral sphincter to contract, facilitating urine...
Urinary Tract Infection IV: Nursing Management01:17

Urinary Tract Infection IV: Nursing Management

In managing urinary tract infections (UTIs) in nursing, a comprehensive assessment is essential. Begin by gathering subjective data, such as the patient’s complaints of dysuria (painful urination), urinary frequency, urgency, suprapubic pain, and any lower abdominal discomfort. This information can be complemented by questions regarding previous UTIs, sexual activity, and personal hygiene practices, which can provide insight into risk factors. Objective assessment should focus on signs like...
Urinary Bladder01:23

Urinary Bladder

The urinary bladder is a hollow, muscular sac that temporarily stores urine before it is expelled from the body. It can hold approximately 600 mL of urine prior to micturition. The bladder is retroperitoneal and located behind the pubic symphysis in the pelvic floor.
In males, the bladder is situated in front of the rectum, while in females, it is positioned anterior to the vagina and uterus. The bladder floor contains an inverted triangular area called the trigone, defined by the two ureteric...
Nursing Assessment of the Genitourinary System II: Inspection and Palpation01:26

Nursing Assessment of the Genitourinary System II: Inspection and Palpation

The nursing assessment of the genitourinary (GU) system involves a systematic inspection and palpation to identify abnormalities in the kidneys, bladder, and surrounding structures.InspectionMouth: Inspect for signs of kidney dysfunction, such as stomatitis (inflammation of the mouth) and ammonia breath, which may occur in advanced kidney disease due to the buildup of urea, breaking down into ammonia.Skin: Check for pallor, which could indicate anemia caused by kidney disease. Look for...
Urologic Endoscopic Procedure: Cystoscopic Examination01:28

Urologic Endoscopic Procedure: Cystoscopic Examination

Meaning of Cystoscopic Examination:Cystoscopy is an essential diagnostic tool in urology that is used to assess the structure and function of the genitourinary system. It provides a direct view of the urethra, bladder, and, in some cases, the ureteral openings. This procedure helps detect structural abnormalities, infections, cancers, and blockages in the urinary tract. There are two types of cystoscopy:Flexible cystoscopy is commonly performed in outpatient settings due to its less invasive...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 20, 2026

Vessel-sparing Excision and Primary Anastomosis
08:09

Vessel-sparing Excision and Primary Anastomosis

Published on: January 7, 2019

[Irritative bladder symptoms after vaginal delivery or c-section].

Kátia Pary Scarpa1, Viviane Herrmann, Paulo Cesar Rodrigues Palma

  • 1Departamento de Tocoginecologia, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil.

Revista Da Associacao Medica Brasileira (1992)
|September 15, 2009
PubMed
Summary

This study found no link between childbirth factors and irritative bladder symptoms three years postpartum. Mode of delivery, parity, maternal age, birth weight, episiotomy, and forceps did not correlate with these urinary tract issues.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 20, 2026

Vessel-sparing Excision and Primary Anastomosis
08:09

Vessel-sparing Excision and Primary Anastomosis

Published on: January 7, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Obstetrics and Gynecology
  • Urology
  • Women's Health

Context:

  • Postpartum urinary dysfunction, specifically irritative bladder symptoms, is a common concern for women.
  • Understanding the factors influencing these symptoms is crucial for effective patient counseling and management.

Purpose:

  • To determine the frequency of irritative bladder symptoms three years after delivery.
  • To investigate the correlation between these symptoms and various obstetric parameters including mode of delivery, parity, maternal age, birth weight, episiotomy, and forceps use.

Summary:

  • A cohort of 120 women, previously assessed in late pregnancy, were interviewed three years postpartum.
  • Statistical analysis using Fisher's exact test and Chi-square revealed no significant associations between irritative bladder symptoms and mode of delivery (vaginal vs. Cesarean section), parity, maternal age, birth weight, episiotomy, or forceps use.

Impact:

  • The findings suggest that common obstetric factors do not significantly predict the development of irritative bladder symptoms postpartum.
  • This information can help manage patient expectations and guide future research into the etiology of lower urinary tract dysfunction after childbirth.