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Related Concept Videos

Arboviral Encephalitis01:25

Arboviral Encephalitis

Arboviral encephalitis refers to brain inflammation caused by arthropod-borne viruses, particularly those transmitted through mosquito vectors. Among these, West Nile virus (WNV), a member of the Flaviviridae family, is a significant public health concern. WNV is an enveloped, positive-sense, single-stranded RNA virus. Human infection typically begins when an infected mosquito introduces the virus into the dermis during feeding. The primary transmission cycle involves birds as amplifying hosts...
Encephalitis l: Introduction01:19

Encephalitis l: Introduction

Encephalitis is inflammation of the brain parenchyma, most often due to infections or autoimmune processes. It presents with neuropsychiatric features such as fever, altered mental status, behavioral changes, cognitive dysfunction, seizures, focal deficits, and sometimes autonomic instability. In some cases, the meninges are also involved, resulting in meningoencephalitis.Infectious CausesInfectious encephalitis is most commonly viral but can also result from bacterial, fungal, or parasitic...
Yellow Fever01:18

Yellow Fever

Yellow fever is a viral hemorrhagic disease caused by the yellow fever virus (YFV), a member of the Flaviviridae family. It is transmitted primarily by Aedes and Haemagogus mosquitoes in tropical and subtropical regions of Africa and South America. After transmission through a mosquito bite, the virus initially replicates in skin-resident immune cells such as dendritic cells and macrophages. These cells then migrate to the lymph nodes, where viral replication increases, eventually leading to...
Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever01:26

Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever

Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever (RMSF) is a severe tick-borne illness caused by Rickettsia rickettsii, a Gram-negative, coccobacillary bacterium. This pathogen is an obligate intracellular parasite, requiring a host cell for replication. Transmission occurs through the bite of an infected tick. In the United States, the most important vectors are Dermacentor variabilis (American dog tick) and Dermacentor andersoni (Rocky Mountain wood tick), though other tick species may also serve as vectors.
Types of Fever01:25

Types of Fever

Fever can be triggered by several factors, including infections, nervous system disorders, certain cancers, blood diseases like leukemia, embolism, thrombosis, heatstroke, dehydration, surgical trauma, crushing injuries, and allergic reactions.
Here are the different types of fever:
Patterns of Fever01:26

Patterns of Fever

Before understanding the types and patterns of fever, it is essential to know its phases.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 20, 2026

Detection of Infectious Virus from Field-collected Mosquitoes by Vero Cell Culture Assay
07:23

Detection of Infectious Virus from Field-collected Mosquitoes by Vero Cell Culture Assay

Published on: June 9, 2011

[West Nile fever].

Nancy Delgado-López1, Vicente Andrade-Zárate, Haiko Nellen-Hummel

  • 1Departamento de Medicina Interna, Hospital de Especialidades CMN SXXI, Mexico, D.F.

Cirugia Y Cirujanos
|September 17, 2009
PubMed
Summary

West Nile fever, a mosquito-borne illness, has increased in frequency and severity globally. This Flavivirus poses risks of febrile and neurological diseases, necessitating mosquito control and personal protection.

Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Epidemiology
  • Public Health

Context:

  • West Nile virus (WNV) is a mosquito-borne Flavivirus primarily found in Africa, Asia, and Europe.
  • WNV outbreaks have increased in frequency and clinical severity since the mid-1990s.
  • The virus was first detected in the Western Hemisphere in 1999, causing significant outbreaks in New York.

Purpose:

  • To provide an overview of West Nile fever epidemiology and clinical presentation.
  • To highlight the increasing global impact of West Nile virus.
  • To discuss current and future strategies for disease prevention and control.

Summary:

  • West Nile fever typically presents as a febrile, influenza-like illness.
  • Severe neurological manifestations, including aseptic meningitis and encephalitis, occur in less than 15% of human cases.

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Isolation and Quantification of Zika Virus from Multiple Organs in a Mouse

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In Vitro Analysis of Myd88-mediated Cellular Immune Response to West Nile Virus Mutant Strain Infection
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In Vitro Analysis of Myd88-mediated Cellular Immune Response to West Nile Virus Mutant Strain Infection

Published on: November 27, 2014

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 20, 2026

Detection of Infectious Virus from Field-collected Mosquitoes by Vero Cell Culture Assay
07:23

Detection of Infectious Virus from Field-collected Mosquitoes by Vero Cell Culture Assay

Published on: June 9, 2011

Isolation and Quantification of Zika Virus from Multiple Organs in a Mouse
10:31

Isolation and Quantification of Zika Virus from Multiple Organs in a Mouse

Published on: August 15, 2019

In Vitro Analysis of Myd88-mediated Cellular Immune Response to West Nile Virus Mutant Strain Infection
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In Vitro Analysis of Myd88-mediated Cellular Immune Response to West Nile Virus Mutant Strain Infection

Published on: November 27, 2014

  • Recent outbreaks in Romania, Russia, and Israel have involved hundreds of individuals with severe neurological disease.

    • Impact:

    • Understanding WNV transmission dynamics is crucial for public health interventions.
    • The emergence of WNV in new regions necessitates enhanced surveillance and preparedness.
    • Effective mosquito control, including eliminating breeding sites and using repellents, is key to reducing human exposure.