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Related Concept Videos

Preventive Healthcare Services01:30

Preventive Healthcare Services

Preventive healthcare services keep people healthy via frequent check-ups, screening, and counseling. They primarily aid in disease prevention rather than treating an acute or chronic illness. Preventive treatment also keeps individuals productive and energetic, allowing them to work well into their retirement years. Examples of preventive care services include:
Levels of Health Promotion and Illness Prevention01:26

Levels of Health Promotion and Illness Prevention

Health promotion allows a person to control the determinants of health, resulting in an improved health status. It enhances the quality of life and reduces premature deaths. Health promotion and illness prevention programs help people make beneficial choices to reduce the risk of disease and disabilities. There are three health promotion and illness prevention levels: primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention.
In primary prevention, actions taken before disease onset prevent the disease from...
Cancer Prevention02:59

Cancer Prevention

Several factors can increase the risk of cancer in an individual. About 50% of cancer cases can be prevented by adopting a healthy lifestyle, regular exercise, eating healthy, and following a modest cancer prevention diet. Epidemiological studies have consistently shown that populations with vegetable and fruit-rich diets have reduced the incidence of cancer. On the other hand, populations who have a diet rich in animal fat, red meat, junk food, or high calories are predisposed to cancer.
Some...
Actuarial Approach01:20

Actuarial Approach

The actuarial approach, a statistical method originally developed for life insurance risk assessment, is widely used to calculate survival rates in clinical and population studies. This method accounts for participants lost to follow-up or those who die from causes unrelated to the study, ensuring a more accurate representation of survival probabilities.
Consider the example of a high-risk surgical procedure with significant early-stage mortality. A two-year clinical study is conducted,...
Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Overview and Drug Absorption01:23

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Overview and Drug Absorption

Understanding the physiological differences in the pediatric population is crucial for effective pharmacotherapy. Neonates, infants, and children exhibit significant variations in gastric pH, gastric emptying time, intestinal transit time, and biliary function. These variations profoundly affect oral drug absorption, necessitating a nuanced approach to pediatric dosing.Neonates present with a unique physiological profile, having a gastric pH greater than 4 and faster and more irregular gastric...
Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Metabolism01:24

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Metabolism

In pediatric care, understanding the nuances of hepatic drug metabolism is crucial, as it significantly differs from that of adults. This divergence is primarily due to the developmental stage of drug-metabolizing enzymes, which affects how medications are processed in the body. In neonates, for instance, the activity of Phase I enzymes—critical for the initial breakdown of drugs—is markedly reduced, functioning at just 20–40% of the levels seen in adults. This reduction poses a challenge in...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 20, 2026

Assessment of Child Anthropometry in a Large Epidemiologic Study
09:36

Assessment of Child Anthropometry in a Large Epidemiologic Study

Published on: February 2, 2017

[Mortality by avoidable causes in preschool children].

Albenia Lurán1, Elizabeth López, Consuelo Pinilla

  • 1Grupo Sociedad y Salud, Subdirección de Investigación, Instituto Nacional de Salud, Bogotá, D.C., Colombia. aluran@ins.gov.co

Biomedica : Revista Del Instituto Nacional De Salud
|September 17, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Avoidable infant mortality in Colombia decreased slightly over 20 years, with early diagnosis and respiratory diseases being key factors. Further public health strategies are needed to address preventable childhood diseases.

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology
  • Demography

Context:

  • Infant mortality is a key indicator of a nation's health, quality of life, and socio-economic development.
  • Colombia's preschool child mortality reflects its broader societal conditions.

Purpose:

  • To assess avoidable mortality in Colombian preschool children (0-4 years) from 1985-2004.
  • To analyze mortality trends and identify key causes of preventable deaths.

Summary:

  • A 20-year retrospective study analyzed Colombian mortality data (1985-2004).
  • Avoidable mortality decreased by 34% in infants (<1 year) and 23% in children (1-4 years).
  • "Early diagnosis and medical treatment" and respiratory diseases were significant avoidable causes.

Impact:

  • Despite reductions, the overall decrease in avoidable infant mortality was modest (80% to 77%).
  • Findings highlight the need for enhanced public health strategies targeting preventable infant diseases in Colombia.