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Allelotype of human malignant astrocytoma.
D Fults1, C A Pedone, G A Thomas
1Department of Surgery, University of Utah, Salt Lake City 84132.
Cancer Research
|September 15, 1990
Summary
Malignant astrocytoma, a common brain tumor, shows widespread genomic alterations. Allelotype analysis revealed loss of heterozygosity across most chromosomes, particularly chromosome 10 in glioblastoma multiforme.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Genetics
- Molecular Biology
Background:
- Astrocytoma is the most common and typically malignant human brain tumor.
- Malignant astrocytomas include anaplastic astrocytoma and glioblastoma multiforme.
- Previous studies indicated chromosome 10 and 17p alterations in astrocytoma tumorigenesis.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify additional regions of chromosomal loss in malignant astrocytomas.
- To analyze the complexity of genomic alterations in astrocytoma development.
- To compare astrocytoma allelotype profiles with other cancers like colorectal carcinoma.
Main Methods:
- Allelotype analysis was performed on 41 malignant astrocytoma patients.
- Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) markers were used for each human autosome arm.
- High-resolution RFLP was employed for chromosome 10 loci analysis.
Main Results:
- Loss of heterozygosity was observed on all autosomes except chromosome 21.
- Multiple chromosomal losses were common, correlating with tumor histopathology.
- Broad region loss on chromosome 10 was frequent, especially in glioblastoma multiforme.
Conclusions:
- Malignant astrocytomas exhibit extensive genomic instability.
- Chromosomal alterations are more complex than previously understood.
- Genetic pathways in astrocytoma differ from those in colorectal carcinoma.