Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 20, 2026

Spatio-Temporal In Vivo Imaging of Ocular Drug Delivery Systems using Fiberoptic Confocal Laser Microendoscopy
Published on: September 27, 2021
Recent advances in confocal microscopy for studying drug delivery to the eye: concepts and pharmaceutical
1School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, University of Lausanne, Switzerland. pascal.furrer@unige.ch
Abstract:
Since its seminal introduction 50years ago, confocal microscopy has been applied in numerous fields in life sciences. This review presents the different key elements of confocal microscopes, in particular scanning techniques, light sources and especially laser sources are described in this review. Furthermore, an overview of the different image processing systems coupled with confocal microscopy is provided. The chapter closes with the applications of confocal microscopy in drug delivery to the eye.
Related Concept Videos
Ophthalmic Drug Delivery Systems
Confocal Fluorescence Microscopy
Drug Delivery: Overview
Enteral delivery involves administering drugs directly through swallowing, sublingual placement, or buccal application. Orally administered drugs predominantly navigate the gastrointestinal...
Drug Delivery: Miscellaneous Routes
Oral inhalation and nasal sprays swiftly transfer drugs across the respiratory epithelium's mucosal layer. Inhaled glucocorticoids and bronchodilators directly target lung conditions such as asthma, while fluticasone nasal spray mitigates allergic rhinitis.
Transdermal patches transport drugs through the...

