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Related Concept Videos

Toxicity Testing in Animals01:23

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Toxicity tests in animals are grounded on two main assumptions: first, the effects observed in laboratory animals can be extrapolated to humans, especially when adjusted for body surface area; second, high-dose exposure in animals is essential to identify potential human hazards from lower doses. This is based on the quantal dose-response concept, which faces the challenge of extrapolating results from relatively few test animals to much larger human populations. For example, a 0.01% incidence...
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Assessment of Chemical Toxicity in Adult Drosophila Melanogaster
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Acute endosulfan poisoning: a retrospective study.

Jeong Mi Moon1, Byeong Jo Chun

  • 1Department of Emergency Medicine, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju 501-747, South Korea. emdrmjm@gmail.com

Human & Experimental Toxicology
|September 17, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Acute endosulfan poisoning is dangerous, causing seizures and hypotension. Ingesting over 35g of endosulfan predicts a fatal outcome, necessitating aggressive early treatment for poisoning patients.

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Published on: March 6, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Toxicology
  • Clinical Medicine
  • Environmental Health

Background:

  • Endosulfan is a common insecticide with high human fatality rates upon ingestion.
  • Existing literature on human endosulfan exposure primarily consists of limited case reports.
  • There is a need for comprehensive clinical descriptions and outcome predictors for acute endosulfan poisoning.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To detail the clinical manifestations of acute endosulfan poisoning in humans.
  • To identify independent factors that predict patient outcomes in endosulfan poisoning cases.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective study design.
  • Inclusion of 52 patients presenting with acute endosulfan poisoning between January 2001 and January 2007.
  • Analysis of clinical features, complications, and mortality predictors.

Main Results:

  • A mortality rate of 30.7% was observed among the 52 patients.
  • Seizures occurred in 48 patients; hypotension and ECG abnormalities were common at presentation.
  • Ingestion exceeding 35g of endosulfan was identified as a significant independent predictor of mortality.

Conclusions:

  • Acute endosulfan poisoning presents with significant neurological (seizures) and cardiovascular (hypotension) effects.
  • Refractory status epilepticus was the primary cause of death (75.0%).
  • Aggressive early management is crucial for patients ingesting >35g of endosulfan due to high mortality risk.