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Pneumocystis carinii karyotypes.

S T Hong1, P E Steele, M T Cushion

  • 1Department of Molecular Genetics, Microbiology, and Biochemistry, University of Cincinnati, Ohio.

Journal of Clinical Microbiology
|August 1, 1990
PubMed
Summary

Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis revealed distinct chromosome patterns for Pneumocystis carinii in rats and humans. These patterns suggest variations in P. carinii strains and potential co-infections, impacting genome size estimations.

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Mycology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Pneumocystis carinii is an opportunistic pathogen causing pneumonia in immunocompromised individuals.
  • Understanding the genetic diversity of P. carinii is crucial for diagnostics and treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the chromosomal profiles of Pneumocystis carinii from different hosts (rats and humans).
  • To investigate potential genetic variations and strain differentiation within P. carinii populations.

Main Methods:

  • Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) was employed to separate and visualize large DNA fragments (chromosomes).
  • Oligonucleotide probes specific for the P. carinii 18S rRNA gene were used for hybridization experiments.

Main Results:

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  • Distinct chromosomal band patterns were observed for P. carinii isolates from different rat colonies and human subjects.
  • Rat-derived P. carinii exhibited patterns with 15 prominent bands, suggesting 17-19 chromosomes and a genome size of approximately 10^7 base pairs.
  • Human-derived P. carinii showed patterns with 10-12 bands, similar in size range to rat isolates.
  • One rat colony displayed a complex pattern with ~22 bands, indicating a potential co-infection with two P. carinii varieties, supported by rRNA gene hybridization.
  • Chromosome patterns were generally stable over time, not strictly host-strain specific, and transferable between co-housed animals.

Conclusions:

  • PFGE is a valuable tool for differentiating P. carinii strains and detecting mixed infections.
  • Genetic variability exists within P. carinii populations, with implications for understanding its epidemiology and pathogenesis.
  • The study provides insights into the genome size and chromosomal structure of P. carinii.