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Accelerated stem cell labeling with ferucarbotran and protamine.

Daniel M Golovko¹, Tobias Henning, Jan S Bauer

¹Department of Radiology & Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.

European Radiology

|September 17, 2009

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Protamine accelerates ferucarbotran uptake in mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) for enhanced MRI visualization. This clinically applicable method significantly reduces labeling time without affecting cell viability.

Area of Science:

Biomedical Engineering
Cell Biology
Medical Imaging

Background:

Accurate stem cell tracking is crucial for regenerative medicine.
Clinical Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) requires efficient and reliable cell labeling methods.
Ferucarbotran is an iron oxide contrast agent, but its uptake can be slow.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a fast and clinically applicable method for labeling human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) with ferucarbotran for MRI.
To investigate the role of protamine in enhancing ferucarbotran uptake.
To characterize the physicochemical properties and MRI performance of labeled cells.

Main Methods:

Ferucarbotran and protamine physicochemical properties were analyzed.
MSCs were labeled with ferucarbotran and protamine at various concentrations and incubation times.

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Cell viability was assessed using Trypan blue exclusion.

Labeled cells were imaged using 3 T MRI (T1, T2, T2*-weighted sequences).

Intracellular iron uptake was confirmed via electron microscopy.

Main Results:

Protamine significantly accelerated ferucarbotran labeling in MSCs from 24 hours to 1 hour.
Cell viability remained unaffected by the labeling process.
Increased R2 and R2* relaxation rates were observed, indicating effective labeling.
Electron microscopy confirmed intracellular iron oxide uptake in lysosomes.
Relaxation rates correlated with ICP-AES measurements.

Conclusions:

Protamine acts as an effective uptake-enhancing agent for ferucarbotran in MSCs.
This accelerated labeling method is potentially clinically applicable for stem cell MRI.
The developed method offers a faster and efficient approach for stem cell tracking.