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Another way in which a group presence can affect performance is social loafing—the exertion of less effort by a person working together with a group. Social loafing occurs when our individual performance cannot be evaluated separately from the group. Thus, group performance declines on easy tasks (Karau & Williams, 1993). Essentially individual group members loaf and let other group members pick up the slack. Because each individual’s efforts cannot be evaluated, individuals become less...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 20, 2026

Collecting Sleep, Circadian, Fatigue, and Performance Data in Complex Operational Environments
08:36

Collecting Sleep, Circadian, Fatigue, and Performance Data in Complex Operational Environments

Published on: August 8, 2019

Impacts on work absence and performance: what really matters?

Gwenllian Wynne-Jones1, Rhiannon Buck, Alice Varnava

  • 1Arthritis Research Campaign National Primary Care Centre, Keele University, Staffordshire, UK. g.wynne-jones@cphc.keele.ac.uk

Occupational Medicine (Oxford, England)
|September 18, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Health significantly impacts work performance and absence, with mental health playing a key role. Managing employee health requires considering psychological and social factors, not just physical well-being.

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Published on: July 1, 2015

Area of Science:

  • Occupational Health
  • Psychology
  • Workplace Productivity

Background:

  • Employee decisions on sickness absence and presenteeism are influenced by complex interactions between health, work characteristics, and perceptions.
  • Understanding these interactions is crucial for effective workforce management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the distinct and combined effects of health status, work environment, and employee perceptions on sickness absence and job performance.
  • To clarify the relative importance of these factors in predicting workplace outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional survey was conducted with 505 employees in two public sector organizations.
  • Multivariate linear regression analysis was used to examine the influence of health, work characteristics, and perceptions on sickness absence (days and spells) and performance (VAS and presenteeism).

Main Results:

  • Work characteristics showed a weak association with absence and performance.
  • Perceptions of work were more strongly linked to performance than absence.
  • Mental health measures had a greater impact on ability to work than physical health.
  • Poor health negatively affected work performance more than it led to absence.
  • Health variables collectively explained the largest proportion of variance in both absence and performance.

Conclusions:

  • Relying solely on sickness absence as an indicator of health-related work compromise may underestimate health's true impact.
  • Effective management of health issues in the workplace necessitates a holistic approach, addressing biomedical, psychological, and social contextual factors.