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Peritoneal Dialysis I: Introduction and Procedure

Peritoneal Dialysis I: Introduction and Procedure

Peritoneal dialysis (PD) is a procedure that facilitates the exchange of solutes, waste products, electrolytes, and excess fluid between the blood in the peritoneal capillaries and a dialysis solution introduced into the peritoneal cavity.Principles of Peritoneal Dialysis (PD)Diffusion: Waste products such as urea and electrolytes move from high concentrations in the blood to low concentrations in the dialysate across the peritoneal membrane. This mechanism is driven by the concentration...

Peritoneal Dialysis II: Peritoneal Dialysis Systems and Complications

Peritoneal Dialysis II: Peritoneal Dialysis Systems and Complications

Peritoneal dialysis (PD) is a medical process that removes waste products and excess fluid from the body using the peritoneal membrane as a natural filter.Peritoneal Dialysis MethodsSeveral methods can be used for peritoneal dialysis, including Acute Intermittent Peritoneal Dialysis, Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis, and Automated Peritoneal Dialysis, also known as Continuous Cyclic Peritoneal Dialysis.Acute Intermittent Peritoneal Dialysis (AIPD) is used for patients with uremic...

Dialysis

Dialysis

Renal failure occurs when the kidneys lose their ability to filter waste products from the blood effectively. It can be classified into two types: acute renal failure (ARF) and chronic renal failure (CRF).
Acute kidney injury develops suddenly and can be caused by pre-renal causes (e.g., hypovolemia, shock), intrinsic renal causes (e.g., acute tubular necrosis), or post-renal causes (e.g., urinary obstruction). In contrast, chronic renal failure progresses gradually over time and is often...

Dialysis

Dialysis

Dialysis is a diffusion-based purification process that separates analyte molecules from a complex matrix. This is accomplished by allowing molecules in the solution to pass through a semipermeable membrane into a liquid on the other side. The membrane is usually made of cellulose acetate or cellulose nitrate, and the second liquid must be miscible with the solution. Ions (e.g., chloride or sodium) or organic molecules (e.g., glucose) can pass through the membrane pores, which generally have...

Hemodialysis I: Introduction

Hemodialysis I: Introduction

Hemodialysis (HD) is a medical treatment that artificially removes waste products, excess fluids, and toxins from the blood when the kidneys are no longer able to perform these functions effectively. In this process, blood is filtered through a semipermeable membrane, allowing for the selective removal of waste while preserving necessary components like blood cells and proteins. Hemodialysis is typically performed in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) or severe kidney...

Hemodialysis II: Procedure and Complications

Hemodialysis II: Procedure and Complications

DialyzersA hemodialysis (HD) dialyzer is a plastic cartridge containing thousands of parallel hollow fibers, which serve as semipermeable membranes. These fibers are typically made from cellulose-based or other synthetic materials. During HD, blood is pumped into the top of the cartridge and distributed among these fibers. Simultaneously, dialysis fluid, known as dialysate, is introduced into the bottom of the cartridge, bathing the outside of the fibers. Across the semipermeable membrane,...

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Updated: Jun 20, 2026

Surgical Techniques for Catheter Placement and 5/6 Nephrectomy in Murine Models of Peritoneal Dialysis

Surgical Techniques for Catheter Placement and 5/6 Nephrectomy in Murine Models of Peritoneal Dialysis

Published on: July 19, 2018

Peritoneal dialysis glossary 2009.

Vassilios Liakopoulos¹, Ioannis Stefanidis, Nicholas V Dombros

¹Department of Nephrology, Medical School, University of Thessaly, Neo Ktirio, Mezourlo Hill, 41110 Larissa, Greece. liakopul@otenet.gr

International Urology and Nephrology

|September 18, 2009

Summary

This glossary provides a unified terminology for peritoneal dialysis (PD), covering clinical terms, methods, and materials. It addresses the need for standardized language in PD, including recent advancements in connection systems and fluids.

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Area of Science:

Nephrology
Medical Terminology

Background:

Previous attempts at standardizing peritoneal dialysis (PD) terminology were incomplete or outdated.
A need exists for a comprehensive and universally accepted PD glossary.

Framework:

This glossary aims to establish a standardized terminology for PD.
It includes definitions for clinical entities, methods, problems, and materials.

Implementation:

The glossary incorporates the latest advancements in PD connection systems.
It also covers updated PD fluids and related terminology.

Implications:

Facilitates clearer communication among healthcare professionals in PD.
Enhances consistency in research and clinical practice related to PD.
Supports improved patient education and understanding of PD.