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CD14 polymorphisms in mother and infant, soluble CD14 in breast milk and atopy development in the infant (KOALA

Bianca E P Snijders1, Foekje F Stelma, Naomi E Reijmerink

  • 1Department of Epidemiology, Care and Public Health Research Institute, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands. bep.snijders@epid.unimaas.nl

Pediatric Allergy and Immunology : Official Publication of the European Society of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology
|September 19, 2009
PubMed

Insights

The CD14/-1619 gene variant in infants is linked to a reduced risk of eczema. Breast milk soluble CD14 (sCD14) levels did not alter this association in children up to age two.

Area of Science:

  • Immunogenetics
  • Pediatric Allergy
  • Molecular Epidemiology

Background:

  • CD14 gene polymorphisms are implicated in infant atopic conditions.
  • Maternal CD14 genotypes influence soluble CD14 (sCD14) levels in breast milk.
  • The combined impact of infant/maternal CD14 genotypes and breast milk sCD14 on atopy requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the association between CD14 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), breast milk sCD14 levels, and atopy development up to age two.
  • To determine if breast milk sCD14 modifies the effect of infant CD14 genotype on atopy.
  • To assess the relationship between maternal CD14 SNPs and breast milk sCD14 levels.

Main Methods:

  • Investigated four CD14 SNPs in 698 infants and 188 mothers.
  • Analyzed associations using logistic and linear regression models.
  • Examined interactions between infant CD14 genotype, breast milk sCD14, and atopy development.

Main Results:

  • The CD14/-1619 SNP showed a significant association with eczema development.
  • CC homozygotes for CD14/-1619 had a reduced risk of eczema compared to TT homozygotes (aOR=0.56).
  • No significant interaction was found between infant CD14 genotype and breast milk sCD14 levels on atopy; maternal SNPs did not correlate with breast milk sCD14.

Conclusions:

  • Infant CD14/-1619 CC genotype is associated with a lower risk of eczema.
  • Breast milk sCD14 levels do not appear to modify the relationship between infant CD14 genotype and atopy development.
  • The study did not find evidence supporting a modifying role of breast milk sCD14 in the context of infant CD14 genotype and atopy up to age two.

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