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Cognitive function and event-related potentials in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus

Ghaydaa Shehata1, Azza Eltayeb

  • 1Department of Neurology and Psychiatry, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt. ghaydaa83@yahoo.com

Journal of Child Neurology
|September 19, 2009
PubMed

Insights

Children with type 1 diabetes mellitus show reduced cognitive function, including lower IQ and memory. These cognitive deficits are linked to factors like ketoacidosis and family history.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Endocrinology
  • Neuropsychology
  • Metabolic Disorders

Background:

  • Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is linked to cognitive alterations.
  • Cognitive decline extent varies with T1DM onset age, duration, and complications like hypoglycemia or ketoacidosis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess cognitive function in children diagnosed with T1DM.
  • To identify potential correlations between cognitive performance and disease-related factors.

Main Methods:

  • A cohort of 40 children with T1DM was compared to 40 healthy controls.
  • Cognitive assessment utilized the Stanford-Binet intelligence test and event-related potentials (ERPs).
  • Disease factors including ketoacidosis and family history were recorded.

Main Results:

  • Children with T1DM exhibited significantly lower scores in IQ, comprehension, abstract visual reasoning, quantitative reasoning, and memory tasks.
  • ERPs revealed prolonged latencies (N1, P200, N2, P300) and reduced P300-N2 amplitude in T1DM patients.
  • Negative correlations were observed between cognitive functions and ketoacidosis or family history of T1DM.

Conclusions:

  • Children with T1DM experience significant cognitive impairments affecting intellectual abilities and memory.
  • Neurophysiological changes indicated by ERPs suggest underlying brain alterations in T1DM.
  • Ketoacidosis and family history are associated with poorer cognitive outcomes in pediatric T1DM.

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