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Soliton switch using birefringent optical fibers.

C J Chen, P K Wai, C R Menyuk

    Optics Letters
    |September 22, 2009
    PubMed
    Summary

    Solitons can enable interferometric switching in birefringent optical fibers. Achieving high contrast ratios requires balancing self-coupling and cross-coupling terms by tuning fiber ellipticity.

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    Area of Science:

    • Optics and Photonics
    • Nonlinear Fiber Optics
    • Optical Switching

    Background:

    • Birefringent optical fibers support complex pulse propagation dynamics.
    • Interferometric switching is crucial for optical signal processing.
    • Nonlinear effects can limit switching performance.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the use of solitons for interferometric switching in birefringent optical fibers.
    • To model pulse propagation using the coupled nonlinear Schrödinger equation.
    • To determine the conditions for optimal switching contrast.

    Main Methods:

    • Modeling pulse propagation with the coupled nonlinear Schrödinger equation.
    • Analyzing the impact of fiber eigenmode ellipticity on coupling terms.
    • Investigating the occurrence of 'shadows' and their effect on contrast ratio.

    Main Results:

    • Pulse propagation is governed by the coupled nonlinear Schrödinger equation.
    • Switching shadows occur when self-coupling and cross-coupling terms are unequal.
    • Equal coupling terms, achieved at an ellipticity angle of approximately 35 degrees, minimize shadows.
    • A contrast ratio of 10 or more is attainable within a +/-5 degree tolerance.

    Conclusions:

    • Soliton-based interferometric switching is feasible in birefringent optical fibers.
    • Precise control of fiber ellipticity is critical for high-performance optical switches.
    • Optimizing coupling term balance enhances switching contrast ratios significantly.

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