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Related Concept Videos

Bacterial Meningitis I: Introduction01:22

Bacterial Meningitis I: Introduction

Bacterial meningitis is a severe, life-threatening inflammation of the meninges, particularly the pia mater and arachnoid mater, affecting the subarachnoid space, ventricles, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). If untreated, it can lead to significant neurological complications or death.Causative AgentsCommon pathogens vary with age and immune status. In adults, major organisms include Streptococcus pneumoniae, Neisseria meningitidis, and Haemophilus influenzae. Streptococcus agalactiae (group B...
Viral Meningitis01:18

Viral Meningitis

Viral meningitis is the most common form of meningitis and is often referred to as aseptic meningitis to indicate the absence of bacterial involvement. It is generally milder than bacterial meningitis, with symptoms including fever, headache, stiff neck, drowsiness, nausea, photophobia, and vomiting. Rarely, more severe manifestations or death may occur. Common causative agents include enteroviruses, particularly coxsackie A and B viruses and echoviruses, all members of the Enterovirus genus...
Bacterial Meningitis01:24

Bacterial Meningitis

Bacterial meningitis is a severe infectious disease involving inflammation of the meninges, the protective membranes surrounding the brain and spinal cord. It occurs when pathogenic bacteria cross the blood–brain barrier and enter the cerebrospinal fluid. Common causative organisms include Neisseria meningitidis, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae type b, Listeria monocytogenes, and Escherichia coli K1. The exact route of entry varies by pathogen and host condition.Routes of Entry...
Bacterial Meningitis II: Pathophysiology01:26

Bacterial Meningitis II: Pathophysiology

Bacterial meningitis typically begins when pathogens such as Neisseria meningitidis and Streptococcus pneumoniae colonize the nasopharynx and invade the bloodstream. This process is facilitated by bacterial virulence factors, such as polysaccharide capsules, which resist phagocytosis and complement-mediated killing. Less commonly, bacteria reach the central nervous system via contiguous spread from infections like otitis media or sinusitis, through congenital or acquired dural defects, or...
Cryptococcal Meningitis01:27

Cryptococcal Meningitis

Cryptococcal meningitis is a life-threatening opportunistic infection predominantly associated with HIV/AIDS, accounting for over 100,000 deaths annually worldwide. However, it also affects individuals with other forms of immunosuppression, including those undergoing immunosuppressive therapy, organ transplant recipients, patients with innate immunodeficiencies, and individuals with hematological disorders. The infection is caused mainly by Cryptococcus neoformans and Cryptococcus gattii,...
Brain Abscess l: Introduction01:26

Brain Abscess l: Introduction

A brain abscess is a focal, intracerebral infection characterized by a localized collection of pus within the brain parenchyma, resulting from microbial invasion and the body’s inflammatory response. It progresses through stages: early and late cerebritis, followed by early and late capsule formation, reflecting tissue destruction, immune response, and eventual encapsulation.Etiology and PathogenesisCausative organisms vary with source and host factors, often involving polymicrobial infections,...

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Inducing Meningococcal Meningitis Serogroup C in Mice via Intracisternal Delivery
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Inducing Meningococcal Meningitis Serogroup C in Mice via Intracisternal Delivery

Published on: November 5, 2019

Investigating chronic meningitis.

N Syed1, A Saxena, L Hartley

  • 1University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK.

Archives of Disease in Childhood. Education and Practice Edition
|September 23, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Chronic meningitis, a persistent inflammation of the brain lining, requires thorough investigation. This case study details diagnosing and managing this complex neurological condition.

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Induction of Leptomeningeal Cells Modification Via Intracisternal Injection
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Last Updated: Jun 20, 2026

Inducing Meningococcal Meningitis Serogroup C in Mice via Intracisternal Delivery
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Published on: November 5, 2019

Induction of Leptomeningeal Cells Modification Via Intracisternal Injection
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Published on: May 7, 2020

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Chronic meningitis is defined by persistent symptoms and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) abnormalities lasting over 4 weeks.
  • Diagnosis requires careful clinical history, examination, and CSF analysis to identify the underlying cause.

Observation:

  • Neuroimaging plays a crucial role in diagnosing chronic meningitis.
  • This case illustrates the diagnostic process in real-time, highlighting key investigations.

Findings:

  • The study details the step-by-step approach to diagnosing a challenging case of chronic meningitis.
  • It emphasizes the integration of clinical data, CSF findings, and neuroimaging.

Implications:

  • Understanding the diagnostic pathway for chronic meningitis is vital for effective patient management.
  • This case provides practical insights for clinicians facing similar complex neurological presentations.