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Related Concept Videos

Gyroscope01:02

Gyroscope

A gyroscope is defined as a spinning disk in which the axis of rotation is free to assume any orientation. When spinning, the orientation of the spin axis is unaffected by the orientation of the body that encloses it. The body or vehicle enclosing the gyroscope can be moved from place to place, while the orientation of the spin axis remains the same. This makes gyroscopes very useful in navigation, especially where magnetic compasses cannot be used, such as in crewed and crewless spacecraft,...
Gyroscope: Precession01:24

Gyroscope: Precession

Precession can be demonstrated effectively through a spinning top. If a spinning top is placed on a flat surface near the surface of the Earth at a vertical angle and is not spinning, it will fall over due to the force of gravity producing a torque acting on its center of mass. However, if the top is spinning on its axis, it precesses about the vertical direction, rather than topple over due to this torque. Precessional motion is a combination of a steady circular motion of the axis and the...
Galvanometer01:24

Galvanometer

Common devices, including car instrument panels, battery chargers, and inexpensive electrical instruments, measure potential difference (voltage), current, or resistance using a d'Arsonval galvanometer. This electromechanical instrument is also known as a moving coil galvanometer.
The galvanometer consists of  two concave-shaped permanent magnets, providing a uniform radial magnetic field in the annular region. In the center, a pivoted coil of fine copper wire is placed in the uniform magnetic...
Inertial Frames of Reference01:03

Inertial Frames of Reference

Newton’s first law is usually considered to be a statement about reference frames. It provides a method for identifying a special type of reference frame: the inertial reference frame. In principle, we can make the net force on a body zero. If its velocity relative to a given frame is constant, then that frame is said to be inertial. So, by definition, an inertial reference frame is a reference frame where Newton's first law holds valid. Newton's first law applies to objects with constant...
Coriolis Force01:23

Coriolis Force

An accelerating particle experiences a force equal to the mass multiplied by the acceleration in an inertial frame of reference. Consider a particle in a non-inertial frame of reference, such as a sliding ball on a rotating table. The acceleration of the ball in this rotating reference frame is different than in the intertial frame, which modifies its equation of motion. The fictitious forces acting additionally on a rotating frame of reference alter Newton's Second Law expression. Centripetal...
Non-inertial Frames of Reference01:27

Non-inertial Frames of Reference

A reference frame accelerating or decelerating relative to an inertial frame is a non-inertial frame. To help understand this, consider what taking off in an airplane, turning a corner in a car, riding a merry-go-round, and the circular motion of a tropical cyclone all have in common. All these systems are accelerating, decelerating, or rotating relative to the Earth; hence, they all are non-inertial frames. All these systems exhibit inertial forces, which merely seem to arise from motion,...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 20, 2026

Demonstrating the Uses of the Novel Gravitational Force Spectrometer to Stretch and Measure Fibrous Proteins
13:51

Demonstrating the Uses of the Novel Gravitational Force Spectrometer to Stretch and Measure Fibrous Proteins

Published on: March 19, 2011

Stable fiber-source gyroscopes.

K A Fesler, M J Digonnet, B Y Kim

    Optics Letters
    |September 23, 2009
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Two new fiber gyroscope configurations using superfluorescent fiber laser sources enhance performance. Backward-pumping increases launched power, while signal amplification improves detector signal, achieving noise-limited rotation sensitivity.

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    Demonstrating the Uses of the Novel Gravitational Force Spectrometer to Stretch and Measure Fibrous Proteins
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    A Random-displacement Measurement by Combining a Magnetic Scale and Two Fiber Bragg Gratings
    08:23

    A Random-displacement Measurement by Combining a Magnetic Scale and Two Fiber Bragg Gratings

    Published on: September 30, 2019

    Area of Science:

    • Optics and Photonics
    • Inertial Navigation Systems

    Background:

    • Fiber gyroscopes are crucial for inertial navigation.
    • Superfluorescent fiber laser sources offer unique properties for optical sensing.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To introduce novel fiber gyroscope configurations.
    • To enhance power handling and signal detection capabilities.
    • To achieve improved rotation sensitivity.

    Main Methods:

    • Development of two new fiber gyroscope configurations.
    • Implementation of a backward-pumping technique for increased input power.
    • Utilizing optical gain for signal amplification of the returned gyroscope signal.

    Main Results:

    • An order-of-magnitude increase in launched gyroscope power without instabilities.
    • A three-orders-of-magnitude increase in optical power at the detector.
    • Achieved source beat-noise-limited rotation sensitivity in both configurations.

    Conclusions:

    • The new configurations significantly improve fiber gyroscope performance.
    • Backward-pumping and signal amplification offer practical advantages.
    • These advancements pave the way for simplified electronics and enhanced sensing.