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Phase noise in photonic communications systems using linear amplifiers.

J P Gordon, L F Mollenauer

|September 23, 2009

Summary

Spontaneous emission noise limits photonic communication systems. Optimal phase detection is achieved with a nonlinear phase shift of about 1 radian, but this still restricts system range.

Area of Science:

Photonics
Optical Communications
Nonlinear Optics

Background:

Spontaneous emission noise degrades performance in linear optical amplifier-based photonic systems.
Amplitude-to-phase noise conversion, driven by the nonlinear Kerr effect, is a key challenge.
Current phase detection systems face limitations in capacity and range.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate phase detection in photonic communication systems affected by spontaneous emission noise.
To determine the optimal nonlinear phase shift for minimizing phase noise.
To identify the range limitations imposed by current phase detection techniques.

Main Methods:

Analysis of amplitude-to-phase noise conversion due to the nonlinear Kerr effect.
Modeling of photonic communication systems with linear optical amplifiers.

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Evaluation of phase detection performance under varying nonlinear phase shifts.

Main Results:

Optimal phase noise performance is observed when the nonlinear phase shift approaches 1 radian.
Amplitude-to-phase noise conversion is a significant limiting factor.
State-of-the-art systems achieve error-free operation at multigigabit rates but are range-limited.

Conclusions:

The nonlinear Kerr effect and spontaneous emission noise fundamentally limit the range of photonic communication systems.
A nonlinear phase shift of approximately 1 radian offers optimal phase noise performance.
Current phase detection technologies restrict system reach to a few thousand kilometers.