Intranasal antihistamines for allergic rhinitis: examining the clinical impact

Allergic rhinitis is likely the most common medical complaint to a clinical allergist and immunologist affecting between 10 and 30% of all adults. This disease causes significant impact on quality of life as well as creating a financial burden on society with decreased work productivity and medication costs. Often, many allergy sufferers do not adhere to the medication recommendations provided by their physician most often because these therapies have not provided relief. Although in the past, the mainstay of treatment for allergic rhinitis has been environmental avoidance, immunotherapy, nasal corticosteroids, and oral antihistamines, the most recent rhinitis diagnosis parameters published by the American Academy of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology have also discussed the importance of other often overlooked therapies. More specifically, the new guidelines discuss a place for the use of intranasal antihistamines as first-line therapy as well as potentially providing superior relief to second-generation oral antihistamines. The guidelines also identify the biphasic nature of the allergic response with both phases consisting of nasal pruritus, sneezing, rhinorrhea, and congestion with the late phase predominated by nasal congestion. It is important to understand how intranasal antihistamines fit into these latest guidelines as first-line therapy and to understand how they may be beneficial to the symptoms associated with allergic rhinitis. It is equally important to identify the individuals who have had less success with their current therapies to determine if intranasal antihistamines would be an important adjunct in therapy.