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High phosphorus diet induces vascular calcification, a related decrease in bone mass and changes in the aortic gene

Pablo Román-García1, Natalia Carrillo-López, José Luis Fernández-Martín

  • 1Bone and Mineral Research Unit. Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias. Instituto Reina Sofía de Investigación, REDinREN del ISCIII, Universidad de Oviedo. Oviedo, Asturias, Spain.

Bone
|September 24, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

High phosphorus intake in chronic kidney disease accelerates vascular calcification and bone loss. Gene expression changes in the aorta reveal molecular links between these conditions, impacting bone formation pathways.

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Area of Science:

  • Nephrology and Endocrinology
  • Vascular Biology and Bone Metabolism

Background:

  • Hyperphosphatemia in chronic kidney disease (CKD) is linked to vascular calcification and reduced bone mass.
  • Vascular calcification progression correlates with decreased bone density and increased fracture risk, suggesting a shared pathophysiology.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To prospectively investigate the impact of a high phosphorus diet on bone mass, vascular calcification, and arterial gene expression in a rat model.
  • To elucidate the molecular mechanisms connecting vascular calcification and bone loss in CKD.

Main Methods:

  • A rat model with 7/8 nephrectomy was fed either a normal (0.6%) or high (0.9%) phosphorus diet for 20 weeks.
  • Assessed biochemical parameters (serum phosphorus, PTH, creatinine), bone mineral density, and vascular calcification.
  • Utilized microarray analysis on aortic tissue to examine gene expression profiles.

Main Results:

  • High phosphorus diet significantly increased serum phosphorus, PTH, creatinine, and induced aortic calcification.
  • Bone mineral density decreased, and histological analysis confirmed calcified tissue in the aorta.
  • Gene expression profiling revealed repression of muscle-related genes and overexpression of bone-related genes, including Wnt pathway inhibitors (secreted frizzled related proteins).

Conclusions:

  • A high phosphorus diet prospectively demonstrates an inverse relationship between vascular calcification and bone mass in CKD.
  • Gene expression findings offer novel insights into the molecular pathways linking vascular calcification and bone loss, particularly involving Wnt signaling inhibition.