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Related Concept Videos

Frequency-dependent Selection01:21

Frequency-dependent Selection

When the fitness of a trait is influenced by how common it is (i.e., its frequency) relative to different traits within a population, this is referred to as frequency-dependent selection. Frequency-dependent selection may occur between species or within a single species. This type of selection can either be positive—with more common phenotypes having higher fitness—or negative, with rarer phenotypes conferring increased fitness.Positive Frequency-Dependent SelectionIn positive...
Genetics of Speciation02:16

Genetics of Speciation

Speciation is the evolutionary process resulting in the formation of new, distinct species—groups of reproductively isolated populations.The genetics of speciation involves the different traits or isolating mechanisms preventing gene exchange, leading to reproductive isolation. Reproductive isolation can be due to reproductive barriers that have effects either before or after the formation of a zygote. Pre-zygotic mechanisms prevent fertilization from occurring, and post-zygotic mechanisms...
Gene Conversion02:08

Gene Conversion

Other than maintaining genome stability via DNA repair, homologous recombination plays an important role in diversifying the genome. In fact, the recombination of sequences forms the molecular basis of genomic evolution. Random and non-random permutations of genomic sequences create a library of new amalgamated sequences. These newly formed genomes can determine the fitness and survival of cells. In bacteria, homologous and non-homologous types of recombination lead to the evolution of new...
Gene Evolution - Fast or Slow?02:05

Gene Evolution - Fast or Slow?

The genomes of eukaryotes are punctuated by long stretches of sequence which do not code for proteins or RNAs. Although some of these regions do contain crucial regulatory sequences, the vast majority of this DNA serves no known function. Typically, these regions of the genome are the ones in which the fastest change, in evolutionary terms, is observed, because there is typically little to no selection pressure acting on these regions to preserve their sequences.
In contrast, regions which code...
Evolutionary Relationships through Genome Comparisons02:54

Evolutionary Relationships through Genome Comparisons

Genome comparison is one of the excellent ways to interpret the evolutionary relationships between organisms. The basic principle of genome comparison is that if two species share a common feature, it is likely encoded by the DNA sequence conserved between both species. The advent of genome sequencing technologies in the late 20th century enabled scientists to understand the concept of conservation of domains between species and helped them to deduce evolutionary relationships across diverse...
Mismatch Repair01:20

Mismatch Repair

Organisms are capable of detecting and fixing nucleotide mismatches that occur during DNA replication. This sophisticated process requires identifying the new strand and replacing the erroneous bases with correct nucleotides. Mismatch repair is coordinated by many proteins in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes.
The Mutator Protein Family Plays a Key Role in DNA Mismatch Repair
The human genome has more than 3 billion base pairs of DNA per cell. Prior to cell division, that vast amount of genetic...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 20, 2026

Determination of Self-(In)compatibility and Inter-(In)compatibility Relationships in Citrus Using Manual Pollination, Microscopy, and S-Genotype Analyses
07:12

Determination of Self-(In)compatibility and Inter-(In)compatibility Relationships in Citrus Using Manual Pollination, Microscopy, and S-Genotype Analyses

Published on: June 30, 2023

Molecular evolution within and between self-incompatibility specificities.

V Castric1, J S Bechsgaard, S Grenier

  • 1Université des Sciences et Technologies de Lille 1, Laboratoire Génétique et Evolution des Populations Végétales, CNRS UMR, France. Vincent.Castric@univ-lille1.fr

Molecular Biology and Evolution
|September 24, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Genes under balancing selection, like those for self-incompatibility (SI), show rapid evolution within allelic lines. This study reveals recombination and potential introgression at the SI locus in Arabidopsis, challenging previous assumptions.

More Related Videos

Determination of Self- and Inter-(in)compatibility Relationships in Apricot Combining Hand-Pollination, Microscopy and Genetic Analyses
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Determination of Self- and Inter-(in)compatibility Relationships in Apricot Combining Hand-Pollination, Microscopy and Genetic Analyses

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Determination of the Mating Efficiency of Haploids in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
05:39

Determination of the Mating Efficiency of Haploids in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Published on: December 2, 2022

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 20, 2026

Determination of Self-(In)compatibility and Inter-(In)compatibility Relationships in Citrus Using Manual Pollination, Microscopy, and S-Genotype Analyses
07:12

Determination of Self-(In)compatibility and Inter-(In)compatibility Relationships in Citrus Using Manual Pollination, Microscopy, and S-Genotype Analyses

Published on: June 30, 2023

Determination of Self- and Inter-(in)compatibility Relationships in Apricot Combining Hand-Pollination, Microscopy and Genetic Analyses
08:08

Determination of Self- and Inter-(in)compatibility Relationships in Apricot Combining Hand-Pollination, Microscopy and Genetic Analyses

Published on: June 16, 2020

Determination of the Mating Efficiency of Haploids in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
05:39

Determination of the Mating Efficiency of Haploids in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Published on: December 2, 2022

Area of Science:

  • Evolutionary genetics
  • Molecular evolution
  • Population genetics

Background:

  • Genes under multiallelic balancing selection exhibit contrasting evolutionary dynamics.
  • Longer coalescence times exist among distinct allelic lines, shorter within allelic lines.
  • Self-incompatibility (SI) systems provide a model for studying balancing selection.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate molecular evolution patterns within and between self-incompatibility (SI) specificities.
  • To combine theoretical and empirical approaches for understanding SI evolution.
  • To analyze nucleotide polymorphism and recombination within SI allelic lines in Arabidopsis.

Main Methods:

  • Numerical simulations of coalescence times within allelic lines for sporophytic SI systems.
  • Comprehensive analysis of nucleotide polymorphism in five distinct allelic lines.
  • Comparative study of Arabidopsis halleri and Arabidopsis lyrata.

Main Results:

  • Polymorphism levels among gene copies within allelic lines were generally low but varied.
  • Direct evidence for recombination and/or gene conversion within and between SI allelic lines.
  • Shared polymorphic sites and similar haplotypes observed between Arabidopsis species, suggesting introgression or convergent evolution.

Conclusions:

  • Recombination is possible at the Arabidopsis SI locus even with limited sequence divergence.
  • Findings support ongoing or recent introgression between Arabidopsis species.
  • The study provides insights into the evolutionary dynamics of genes under balancing selection.