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Related Concept Videos

Bullying02:04

Bullying

A modern form of aggression is bullying. As you learn in your study of child development, socializing and playing with other children is beneficial for children’s psychological development. However, as you may have experienced as a child, not all play behavior has positive outcomes. Some children are aggressive and want to play roughly. Other children are selfish and do not want to share toys. One form of negative social interactions among children that has become a national concern is bullying.
Social Foundations of Self II: The Generalized Other01:20

Social Foundations of Self II: The Generalized Other

According to George Herbert Mead, as children progress beyond the game stage, they develop a more comprehensive understanding of societal rules and norms. This cognitive and social development enables them to internalize the expectations of the broader community, refining their ability to regulate behavior.Consistent participation in organized activities is crucial in helping children recognize that their actions are not isolated but contribute to a more significant, interconnected group effort.
Self-Evaluation: Self-Enhancement and Self-Verification03:00

Self-Evaluation: Self-Enhancement and Self-Verification

Social psychologists have documented that feeling good about ourselves and maintaining positive self-esteem is a powerful motivator of human behavior (Tavris & Aronson, 2008). In the United States, members of the predominant culture typically think very highly of themselves and view themselves as good people who are above average on many desirable traits (Ehrlinger, Gilovich, & Ross, 2005). Often, our behavior, attitudes, and beliefs are affected when we experience a threat to our...
Robbers Cave04:49

Robbers Cave

During the 1950s, the landmark Robbers Cave experiment demonstrated that when groups must compete with one another, intergroup conflict, hostility, and even violence may result. At the Oklahoman summer camp, two troops of boys—termed the Rattlers and the Eagles—took part in a week-long tournament. During this time, their negativity culminated in derogatory name-calling, fistfights, and even vandalism and destruction of property. However, this work also revealed that such tension could be...
Protecting Self-Esteem01:27

Protecting Self-Esteem

Self-esteem, a central component of psychological well-being, is actively maintained through various cognitive and behavioral strategies. Individuals employ specific mechanisms to preserve a positive self-concept and mitigate threats to their self-worth, particularly in contexts involving social evaluation or personal feedback. Four primary techniques are commonly used to sustain self-esteem.Manipulating AppraisalsOne prominent strategy involves manipulating appraisals from others. Individuals...
Sources of Self-Esteem II: Performance Feedback01:24

Sources of Self-Esteem II: Performance Feedback

Self-esteem is intricately tied to our perception of competence and our ability to exert control over our lives. One of the primary sources of this perception is performance feedback — the ongoing evaluation of our actions in terms of success and failure. According to Franks and Marolla (1976), people derive self-worth from experiencing themselves as causal agents, capable of achieving goals and overcoming obstacles. This process nurtures a critical component of self-esteem: self-efficacy,...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 20, 2026

Problem-Solving Before Instruction (PS-I): A Protocol for Assessment and Intervention in Students with Different Abilities
10:26

Problem-Solving Before Instruction (PS-I): A Protocol for Assessment and Intervention in Students with Different Abilities

Published on: September 11, 2021

The Expect Respect Project. Creating a positive elementary school climate.

Martha G Meraviglia1, Heather Becker, Barri Rosenbluth

  • 1School of Nursing, University of Texas at Austin, USA.

Journal of Interpersonal Violence
|September 25, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The Expect Respect Project improved school awareness of bullying and sexual harassment. However, students and staff had different ideas about how to respond to these issues, highlighting a need for consistent intervention strategies.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 20, 2026

Problem-Solving Before Instruction (PS-I): A Protocol for Assessment and Intervention in Students with Different Abilities
10:26

Problem-Solving Before Instruction (PS-I): A Protocol for Assessment and Intervention in Students with Different Abilities

Published on: September 11, 2021

Area of Science:

  • Educational Psychology
  • School Violence Prevention
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Bullying and sexual harassment pose significant risks to student well-being and school climate.
  • Existing interventions often lack consistent staff response strategies.
  • Creating a positive school environment is crucial for preventing inappropriate behaviors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe the educational intervention and evaluation of the Expect Respect Project.
  • To assess the impact of the intervention on awareness of bullying and sexual harassment.
  • To identify discrepancies in perceived responses to inappropriate behaviors between students and staff.

Main Methods:

  • Implementation of an educational intervention for students, parents, and school staff.
  • Evaluation of the project's effectiveness in changing awareness and perceptions.
  • Analysis of reported bullying incidents and locations.
  • Comparison of student and staff perceptions of response strategies.

Main Results:

  • A significant increase in awareness of bullying was observed post-intervention.
  • Bullying incidents were frequently reported in areas with limited adult supervision.
  • Students perceived staff responses as less interventionist (e.g., 'ignore') compared to staff perceptions (e.g., 'punish').

Conclusions:

  • The Expect Respect Project successfully increased awareness of bullying.
  • Discrepancies in perceived response strategies between students and staff indicate a need for unified approaches.
  • Consistent and clear staff responses are essential for effective violence prevention in schools.