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Updated: Jun 20, 2026
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Studying Triple Negative Breast Cancer Using Orthotopic Breast Cancer Model
Published on: March 20, 2020
Triple negative breast cancers: clinical and prognostic implications
S J Dawson1, E Provenzano, C Caldas
1Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
European Journal of Cancer (Oxford, England : 1990)
|September 25, 2009
Summary
Triple negative breast cancers lack oestrogen, progesterone, and HER2. This review details their pathology, molecular features, and clinical aspects, highlighting research and therapeutic gaps.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Pathology
- Genetics
Background:
- Triple negative breast cancers (TNBC) lack oestrogen receptors, progesterone receptors, and HER2 expression.
- TNBC often presents in younger women and African-American women, with high histological grade, and is common in BRCA1 carriers.
- TNBC shares features with the basal-like molecular subtype but are not identical.
Purpose of the Study:
- To outline the pathological, molecular, and clinical features of TNBC.
- To discuss the prognostic significance of TNBC.
- To summarize current therapeutic strategies and future research directions for TNBC.
Main Methods:
- Review of existing literature on TNBC.
- Analysis of pathological characteristics.
- Gene expression profiling for molecular subtyping.
- Clinical data review for prognostic indicators.
Main Results:
- TNBC exhibits distinct clinical and pathological features, often associated with younger age and specific demographics.
- Prognosis is variable and linked to specific markers like basal cytokeratins or EGFR.
- The heterogeneity of TNBC impacts its prognostic significance.
Conclusions:
- TNBC is a clinically significant subtype due to limited treatment options.
- Further research is needed to understand TNBC heterogeneity and develop targeted therapies.
- Clarifying prognostic factors is crucial for managing TNBC patients.