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Related Concept Videos

Urinary Bladder01:23

Urinary Bladder

The urinary bladder is a hollow, muscular sac that temporarily stores urine before it is expelled from the body. It can hold approximately 600 mL of urine prior to micturition. The bladder is retroperitoneal and located behind the pubic symphysis in the pelvic floor.
In males, the bladder is situated in front of the rectum, while in females, it is positioned anterior to the vagina and uterus. The bladder floor contains an inverted triangular area called the trigone, defined by the two ureteric...
Anatomy of the Genitourinary System II: Bladder and Urethra01:19

Anatomy of the Genitourinary System II: Bladder and Urethra

The lower urinary system consists of the urinary bladder and urethra, which are essential in storing and expelling urine from the body. Together with the internal and external sphincters, these structures work together to regulate urination effectively.Anatomy of the BladderThe urinary bladder is a muscular, stretchable organ behind the pubic bone and in front of the rectum. In females, the bladder is positioned anterior to the vagina and inferior to the uterus, while in males, it is located...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 20, 2026

Using 2-Photon Microscopy to Quantify the Effects of Chronic Unilateral Ureteral Obstruction on Glomerular Processes
11:47

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Peripheral blood mononuclear cell gene array profiles in patients with overactive bladder.

Wellman Cheung1, Mark J Bluth, Christopher Johns

  • 1SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York, USA.

Urology
|September 25, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) show altered gene expression in patients with overactive bladder (OAB). This suggests PBMC may serve as a diagnostic marker for OAB, aiding in understanding the condition.

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Area of Science:

  • Urology
  • Genomics
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Overactive bladder (OAB) presents with symptoms like frequency and urgency, lacking a definitive diagnostic test.
  • Current diagnostic methods for OAB may involve invasive procedures, highlighting the need for non-invasive markers.
  • Previous research indicated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) can function as reporters in other diseases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the potential of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) as a diagnostic marker for overactive bladder (OAB).
  • To identify differentially regulated genes in PBMC from OAB patients compared to healthy controls.

Main Methods:

  • Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were isolated from 21 patients diagnosed with OAB.
  • RNA extracted from PBMC underwent microarray gene chip analysis to assess gene expression patterns.

Main Results:

  • Microarray analysis identified 16 differentially regulated genes in PBMC from all OAB patients versus controls.
  • Sex-based analysis revealed significant gene regulation differences: 74 in males and 30 in females.
  • Specific genes like platelet-derived growth factors and tropomyosin were consistently downregulated in OAB patients.

Conclusions:

  • Differential gene regulation in PBMC suggests their utility as a reporter for overactive bladder (OAB).
  • PBMC analysis may offer a novel diagnostic marker for OAB.
  • Identifying these genes could elucidate the underlying mechanisms of OAB and related tissue integrity issues.