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Language Development

Language Development

Children master language quickly and with relative ease, supported by both biological predisposition and reinforcement. B. F. Skinner (1957) proposed that language is learned through reinforcement, while Noam Chomsky (1965) argued that language acquisition mechanisms are biologically determined.
The critical period for language acquisition suggests that the ability to acquire language is at its peak early in life. As people age, this proficiency decreases. Language development begins very...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 20, 2026

Systematic Hearing Performance Evaluation Process for Adolescents with Cochlear Implantation at Early Ages

Systematic Hearing Performance Evaluation Process for Adolescents with Cochlear Implantation at Early Ages

Published on: March 24, 2023

The prelexical development in children implanted by 16 months compared with normal hearing children.

Bianka Schramm¹, Andrea Bohnert, Annerose Keilmann

¹Department for ENT and Communication Disorders, Langenbeck-Str 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany. schramm@kommunikation.klinik.uni-mainz.de

International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology

|September 25, 2009

Summary

Deaf children receiving cochlear implants by 16 months achieved canonical babbling sooner than hearing peers. Their consonant acquisition patterns were similar, highlighting the importance of early intervention for cochlear implant users.

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Behavioral Assessment of Hearing in 2 to 4 Year-old Children: A Two-interval, Observer-based Procedure Using Conditioned Play-based Responses

Behavioral Assessment of Hearing in 2 to 4 Year-old Children: A Two-interval, Observer-based Procedure Using Conditioned Play-based Responses

Published on: January 23, 2017

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Last Updated: Jun 20, 2026

Systematic Hearing Performance Evaluation Process for Adolescents with Cochlear Implantation at Early Ages

Systematic Hearing Performance Evaluation Process for Adolescents with Cochlear Implantation at Early Ages

Published on: March 24, 2023

Behavioral Assessment of Hearing in 2 to 4 Year-old Children: A Two-interval, Observer-based Procedure Using Conditioned Play-based Responses

Behavioral Assessment of Hearing in 2 to 4 Year-old Children: A Two-interval, Observer-based Procedure Using Conditioned Play-based Responses

Published on: January 23, 2017

Area of Science:

Speech-Language Pathology
Audiology
Pediatric Medicine

Background:

Limited research exists on early speech development in German-speaking children, particularly those with cochlear implants.
Early cochlear implantation is crucial for auditory and speech development in deaf children.

Purpose of the Study:

To document pre-canonical and canonical speech development in German-speaking deaf children receiving cochlear implants by 16 months.
To compare the speech development of these children with their normally hearing German-speaking peers.

Main Methods:

A longitudinal study involving 5 deaf children (cochlear implant users) and 5 normally hearing children.
Video and audio recordings of vocalizations analyzed using the EUDICO Linguistic Annotator and International Phonetic Alphabet transcription.
Recordings were conducted every 4 weeks over one year, starting shortly after implantation for the cochlear implant group.

Main Results:

Both groups exhibited individual babbling acquisition patterns, but consonant manner and place acquisition sequences were similar.
Deaf children with cochlear implants achieved canonical babbling 0-4 months post-implantation, while normally hearing children achieved it between 4-9 months.
Fricatives and laterals were acquired later in both groups, following initial plosives or nasals.

Conclusions:

Early cochlear implantation (by 16 months) enables deaf children to reach the canonical babbling milestone faster than typically developing peers.
Consonant phoneme acquisition sequences are comparable between early-implanted deaf children and their hearing peers.
These findings underscore the critical role of early identification and intervention in facilitating developmental catch-up for children with cochlear implants.