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Periodontitis as a risk factor for cerebrovascular accident: a case-control study in the Indian population

A R Pradeep1, P Hadge, P Arjun Raju

  • 1Department of Periodontics, Government Dental College and Research Institute Fort, Bangalore, Karnataka, India. periodontics_gdc@yahoo.co.in

Journal of Periodontal Research
|September 26, 2009
PubMed

Insights

Periodontal disease, a chronic inflammatory condition, is linked to an increased risk of cerebrovascular accident (stroke) in the Indian population. Higher probing pocket depth is a significant indicator for stroke risk.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Health
  • Oral Medicine
  • Neurology

Background:

  • Chronic infections are known risk factors for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.
  • Periodontal disease, a chronic inflammatory condition, warrants investigation for its potential association with stroke.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between periodontal disease and cerebrovascular accident (stroke) in the Indian population.
  • To evaluate periodontal health parameters as potential risk factors for stroke.

Main Methods:

  • A case-control study involving 200 participants (100 cases, 100 controls) aged 33-68.
  • Clinical periodontal parameters (plaque index, gingival index, probing pocket depth, clinical attachment loss) and medical history were assessed.
  • Logistic regression analysis was used to identify significant risk factors for stroke.

Main Results:

  • Subjects with cerebrovascular accident exhibited significantly higher plaque index, gingival index, probing pocket depth, and clinical attachment loss compared to controls (p < 0.05).
  • Probing pocket depth > 4.5 mm was the strongest predictor of stroke (OR=8.5), followed by hypertension (OR=7.6) and smoking (OR=3.1).

Conclusions:

  • This study supports a link between periodontitis and cerebrovascular accident in the Indian population.
  • Further research is needed to clarify the role of oral infections and genetic factors in atherosclerosis.
Abstract

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