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Related Concept Videos

MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns (non-coding regions of a gene) or intergenic regions (stretches of DNA present between genes). Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself, forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA...
MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA ends...
MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA ends...
Human Virome01:26

Human Virome

The human body harbors a vast and diverse viral community known as the human virome. The virome includes bacteriophages that infect bacteria, and eukaryotic viruses that infect human cells. Transient dietary and environmental viruses also contribute to this dynamic ecosystem. Estimates suggest the human body may contain on the order of 10¹³ viral particles, though abundance varies widely by body site and detection method.Comprehensive characterization of the virome has become possible only with...
Development of Human Microbiota01:30

Development of Human Microbiota

The human microbiota begins developing at birth and undergoes continual change as we age. Infancy marks a critical period of microbial sensitivity, offering a “window of opportunity” during which beneficial microbes help mature the immune system. By age three, children typically develop a more stable and diverse microbial community. Newborns acquire microbes from their immediate environment; vaginal delivery favors maternal vaginal microbes, while cesarean births favor microbes from the skin...
Cytomegalovirus Disease01:27

Cytomegalovirus Disease

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) disease is caused by human cytomegalovirus, a double-stranded DNA virus of the Herpesviridae family. While primary CMV infection is often asymptomatic in immunocompetent individuals, the virus can cause severe disease in neonates and immunocompromised patients. CMV is the most common cause of congenital viral infection in the United States, and a major pathogen in solid organ and hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients.CMV is transmitted via bodily fluids, sexual...

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CRISPR Gene Editing Tool for MicroRNA Cluster Network Analysis
10:40

CRISPR Gene Editing Tool for MicroRNA Cluster Network Analysis

Published on: April 25, 2022

microRNA: human disease and development.

Virendra S Gomase1, Akshay N Parundekar

  • 1Department of Bioinformatics, Padmashree Dr D Y Patil University, Belapur, Navi, Mumbai (MS), India. virusgene1@yahoo.co.in

International Journal of Bioinformatics Research and Applications
|September 26, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small RNAs regulating genes after transcription. These molecules are crucial for immune system development, immune cell differentiation, and inflammatory responses.

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MicroRNA Amplification and Recognition through Locked-nucleic-acid In situ Hybridization as a Novel Detection and Quantification Method

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics
  • Immunology

Background:

  • MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, non-coding RNA molecules.
  • They are highly conserved across species.
  • miRNAs are key regulators of post-transcriptional gene expression.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the regulatory roles of miRNAs in biological systems.
  • To emphasize the significance of miRNAs in immune system development and function.
  • To explore the involvement of miRNAs in metabolic pathways and inflammatory processes.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on miRNA function.
  • Analysis of miRNA involvement in gene regulation.
  • Examination of miRNA roles in immunity and metabolism.

Main Results:

  • miRNAs are critical for post-transcriptional gene regulation.
  • They play vital roles in diverse biological processes including embryogenesis, inflammation, and cancer.
  • miRNAs are essential for immune system development, immune cell differentiation, antibody production, and inflammatory mediator release.

Conclusions:

  • MicroRNAs represent a significant class of regulatory molecules.
  • Their involvement spans multiple biological pathways, notably in immunity and metabolism.
  • Further research into miRNAs can unlock new therapeutic strategies.