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Related Concept Videos

Kidney Transplant I: Introduction01:28

Kidney Transplant I: Introduction

A kidney transplant is a surgical approach that involves replacing a non-functioning kidney with a healthy one from a donor. This procedure is often a treatment option for end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients. The method requires careful recipient selection, including evaluating various medical and psychosocial factors. These criteria vary between transplant centers but generally include assessments of the patient's overall health, adherence to medical recommendations, and lifestyle...
Kidney Transplant II: Surgical Procedure01:26

Kidney Transplant II: Surgical Procedure

Preoperative ManagementThe primary goals of preoperative management in kidney transplantation are to optimize the patient’s metabolic state and prepare them for surgery through diet adjustments, necessary dialysis, and tailored medical treatment. This phase also involves comprehensive infection screening and patient education about the surgical procedure and postoperative care to improve outcomes and adherence.Medical ManagementA comprehensive evaluation is required for both the living donor...
Kidney Transplant III: Nursing Management01:16

Kidney Transplant III: Nursing Management

Postoperative Nursing Management for Kidney Transplant PatientsPostoperative nursing management care includes monitoring the surgical site, encouraging early movement, and promoting lung health through breathing exercises. Nurses also administer prescribed medications like H2-blockers, such as famotidine, or proton pump inhibitors, like omeprazole, to help prevent gastrointestinal ulcers and bleeding. Fungal infections in the mouth and bladder can result from immunosuppressive and antibiotic...
Cell-mediated Immune Responses01:40

Cell-mediated Immune Responses

Overview
Tissue Transplantation01:24

Tissue Transplantation

Tissue transplantation is a significant medical procedure involving the transfer of cells, tissues, or organs from a donor to a recipient, with the primary aim of restoring lost functions. This procedure is crucial in treating a broad spectrum of diseases, including kidney diseases, liver failure, heart disease, and certain types of cancers.
The Biology of Tissue Transplantation
The biology of tissue transplantation hinges on the Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) molecules. These molecules...
Bone Marrow Sampling and Transplants01:22

Bone Marrow Sampling and Transplants

Bone marrow transplant is a potential cure for several diseases, including cancer and specific genetic disorders. Notably, this procedure is applicable for patients suffering from aplastic anemia, certain types of leukemia, severe combined immunodeficiency disease (SCID), Hodgkin's disease, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, multiple myeloma, thalassemia, sickle-cell disease, and certain cancers.
The transplant begins with high doses of chemotherapy and radiation treatment, which aim to destroy the...

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Trans-vivo Delayed Type Hypersensitivity Assay for Antigen Specific Regulation
11:49

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Published on: May 2, 2013

Pretransplant immune risk assessment.

Birgit Sawitzki1, Stephan Schlickeiser, Petra Reinke

  • 1Institute of Medical Immunology, CCM, Germany. birgit.sawitzki@charite.de

Current Opinion in Organ Transplantation
|September 26, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Pre-transplant immune status assessment is crucial for predicting graft rejection. New biomarkers and assays are being developed to personalize immunosuppression and improve long-term transplant outcomes.

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Area of Science:

  • Transplantation immunology
  • Biomarker discovery
  • Immunosuppression strategies

Background:

  • Clinical and subclinical rejections remain a challenge in organ transplantation, impacting long-term graft survival despite advanced immunosuppressive therapies.
  • Patient immunological status pre-transplantation is a critical determinant of rejection risk and subsequent graft outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advancements in identifying and developing biomarkers and functional assays for pre-transplant risk assessment.
  • To explore methods for evaluating individual immunological status before transplantation to mitigate rejection.

Main Methods:

  • Development of sensitive techniques for assessing T-cell memory and B-cell activation.
  • Analysis of soluble and molecular markers reflecting immune system activation.
  • Evaluation of donor graft intrinsic factors influencing graft outcome.

Main Results:

  • Novel assays can assess immune activation markers and T/B-cell responses.
  • Soluble and molecular markers, alongside graft factors, correlate with transplant outcomes.
  • Some assays are being prospectively used to identify high-risk patients for intensified immunosuppression.

Conclusions:

  • Multiple parameters and assays for pre-transplant immune status are available.
  • Standardization and validation in large trials are necessary before routine clinical implementation.
  • Development of risk stratification algorithms is needed for personalized immunosuppression and improved graft survival.