Acute hepatitis E infection associated with a false-positive serology against Epstein-Barr virus

Hepatitis E virus is a major cause of acute viral hepatitis. The diagnosis of acute viral hepatitis E is based essentially on antibodies and hepatitis E virus RNA. We describe herein a case of acute hepatitis E associated with a false-positive serology for Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). This case report suggests that anti-viral capsid antigen IgM must be interpreted with caution in acute E hepatitis. When positive, EBV RNA polymerase chain reaction can be useful as a false positivity of anti-viral capsid antigen IgM and can be misinterpreted as an acute infection. EBV false positivity was probably related to polyclonal stimulation of the immune system, favoured by hepatitis E.