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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 20, 2026

Use of Two Intracorporeal Ventricular Assist Devices As a Total Artificial Heart
08:49

Use of Two Intracorporeal Ventricular Assist Devices As a Total Artificial Heart

Published on: May 11, 2018

An innovative, sensorless, pulsatile, continuous-flow total artificial heart: device design and initial in vitro

Kiyotaka Fukamachi1, David J Horvath, Alex L Massiello

  • 1Department of Biomedical Engineering, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio 44195, USA.

The Journal of Heart and Lung Transplantation : the Official Publication of the International Society for Heart Transplantation
|September 29, 2009
PubMed
Summary

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This study introduces a novel continuous-flow total artificial heart (CFTAH) that self-balances blood flow and pressures without sensors. Initial tests show promising passive regulation and an effective automatic control mode for improved cardiac support.

Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Cardiovascular Devices
  • Artificial Organs

Background:

  • Developing a compact, innovative continuous-flow total artificial heart (CFTAH).
  • The CFTAH is designed for passive self-balancing of pump flows and atrial pressures, eliminating the need for sensors.
  • This report presents the CFTAH design concept and initial in vitro findings.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Evaluate the system performance of the CFTAH across a range of systemic and pulmonary vascular resistance (SVR and PVR) levels.
  • Determine the operational limits for achieving a maximum absolute atrial pressure difference of 10 mm Hg under steady-state flow.
  • Assess the impact of pump speed modulation and an automatic control mode on system performance.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a mock circulatory loop to test the CFTAH.

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Last Updated: Jun 20, 2026

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Implantation of the Syncardia Total Artificial Heart
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  • Measured system performance by varying SVR and PVR to assess passive self-regulation.
  • Induce flow and pressure pulsations by modulating pump speed (2,600 +/- 900 rpm).
  • Evaluated an automatic control mode for pump speed adjustment.

    • Main Results:

    • Passive self-regulation maintained balanced pump flows and atrial pressure differences <10 mm Hg across wide SVR (750-2,750 dyne.sec.cm(-5)) and PVR (135-600 dyne.sec.cm(-5)) ranges.
    • Induced speed pulsatility influenced left/right performance, enabling active control for improved balance.
    • The automatic control mode successfully adjusted pump speed using sensorless calculations.

    Conclusions:

    • Initial in vitro testing confirmed the CFTAH's capability for passive self-regulation of flows and atrial pressures.
    • A novel automatic control mode was successfully evaluated, demonstrating potential for enhanced cardiac support.
    • The valveless, continuous-flow design shows promise for future artificial heart applications.